考慮水資源最佳運用下生態基流量之研究

Determination of Ecological Base flow Subject to Optimization of Water Supply

江仲翔(Chung-Hsiang Chiang)

指導教授 ： 徐年盛

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.02084

摘要

本研究係考慮最佳化供水系統情況，結合水理棲地模擬模式，決定供水系統中之河川生態基流量。
以往供水系統中根據流域面積換算生態基流量，並未針對該地區之歷史流量、河川水理以及特定魚類進行生態基流量之分析，因此本研究結合全時域最佳化供水系統模式以及RHABSIM一維水理棲地模擬模式，了解生態基流量於供水系統中，對河川中生物棲地空間之影響，進而決定供水系統中之最佳生態基流量。研究步驟首先在供水系統方面為(1)設定下游河川生態基流量門檻值；(2)利用供水系統之水資源全時域最佳化調配，以旬為計算時距；(3)計算經供水系統最佳化操作後下游河段每日流量；接著建立RHABSIM模式之步驟為(1)輸入研究河段之各斷面資料，率定水位、流量和流速等水理參數；(2)輸入研究魚種之水深適合度及流速適合度曲線，計算該河段各流量下所相對應之權重可使用棲地面積(Weighted Usable Area, WUA)以及權重棲地百分比(Percent Usable Area, PUA)；最後應用方法步驟為(1)計算最佳化供水系統操作後每日流量之平均權重可使用棲地面積(Average WUA)和平均權重棲地百分比(Average PUA)；(2)分析在不同河川生態基流量之下，供水系統之缺水指數及平均權重百分比，經過增量分析法決定該地區之生態基流量，達到兼顧人類供水及生態保育之需求。
本研究將所建立之方法應用於新竹頭前溪隆恩堰下游河段和台灣石

關鍵字

生態基流量 ； 優選 ； 頭前溪

並列摘要

This research considers optimization of supplying water system and RHABSIM (hydraulic and habitat Model) to determine the ecological base flow of rivers.
The ecological base flow is calculated according to basin area in the past, not analyzed by the factors in historic flow, hydraulic and habitat. Therefore this research combines the optimization of supplying water system and RHABSIM Model, in order to understand the impact of ecological base flow on habitat for species in the river. Moreover, it comes out with optimization of ecological base flow in supplying water system. The First step of the methodology includes the following procedures:(1) To set up the threshold of the ecological base flow of rivers and creeks;(2) To optimize supplying water system in full-time horizon with a time step of 10 days; and(3) To compute the daily flow in the river reach to be considered after optimizing supplying water system. The second step of the methodology includes the following procedures:(1) To input all sections data to RHABSIM model in order to obtain the relationship between water levels, discharge and velocities under all circumstances; and(2) To compute WUA and PUA in all condition by using the suitability curves of depth and velocity of the species to be considered. The final step of the methodology includes the following procedures:(1) To calculate the Average WUA and Average PUA in the daily flow after optimizing supplying water system;(2) To compare the SI and PUA when setting up the threshold of the ecological base flow; and(3) To determine the value of ecological base flow between SI and PUA by Trade-Off method.
The method in this research is applied to Tao-Qian creek Hsinchu and Acrossocgeilus paradoxus. And the value of the ecological base flow of supplying water system turns out to be 3.75cms which is of great use between water supplying and ecology.

並列關鍵字

Ecological base flow ； Optimization ； Tao-Qian creek

參考文獻

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