金融科技監理模式：以臺灣網路金融借貸平台為例

Financial Technology Supervisory Model: the Case of Peer-to-Peer Lending in Taiwan

林育鴻(Yu-Hung Lin)

指導教授 ： 邱顯比

國立臺灣大學/管理學院/財務金融組/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201800187

摘要

在全球金融科技發展趨勢浪潮，臺灣於多方面能仍與英美等國有所差距，是挑戰亦是機遇；在金融穩定與資訊安全前提，金融監理面對金融科技議題宜促使各項嶄新技術被運用於正確方向。特別是，全球自金融海嘯以來，傳統金融機構對於較高風險借款者之授信標準趨向嚴格，使得部分借款需求者透過由網路借貸平台中介方式向投資者取得資金，且逐漸依賴以此高科技與高效率途徑。本文藉由相關文獻探討與理論基礎，論述金融科技之定義與特色，進而探討金融監理在金融科技發展過程所扮演的角色，並聚焦於近10年來網路金融借貸平台之發展，研析金融監理對其之影響。研究方法採動態競爭理論，運用鑽石模型思考及評估金融監督管理委員會之總體、部門等策略，同時根據所處的金融科技發展之生態環境，析論金管會與英、美監管單位之相對位置，重新審視策略，建構出金融科技監理模式架構。接者，藉個案研究分析，探討英、美、日、中國大陸及臺灣之網路金融借貸市場差異狀況，並聚焦於英、美與臺灣P2P監理模式發展，具體化我國P2P監理政策建議，諸如形成共識與法規調適、監理科技化、組織改造與重塑組織願景、內外部資源整合、資訊揭露與信用評等之互助、引導資金創造新市場、創造次級市場、C2C社群經營、多元化商品銷售及異業結盟研發投入。

關鍵字

金融監理 ； 金融科技 ； 網路金融借貸

並列摘要

In terms of development in global financial technology (FinTech), Taiwan still lags behind the United Kingdom, United States, and other countries in many aspects. This represents not only a challenge but also an opportunity. To guarantee financial stability and information security, when financial supervisors are faced with FinTech challenges, they should promote proper application of new technologies. In particular, since the 2007–2008 financial crisis, conventional financial institutions have tended to impose more stringent credit standards on high-risk borrowers, allowing some borrowers to obtain funds from intermediaries through peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms. These borrowers have gradually come to rely on this high-tech and high-efficiency approach. On the basis of the literature and theoretical background, this paper defines and characterizes FinTech and explores the role of financial supervision in the development of FinTech. Additionally, this paper details the development of P2P lending platforms over the past 10 years to analyze the impact of financial supervision on them. The research method is based on dynamic competition theory, using the diamond model to consider and assess the overall strategy as well as the departmental and other strategies of the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC). Furthermore, on the basis of the ecoenvironment in which FinTech development is situated, a comparative analysis of the financial supervision and regulatory authorities of Taiwan, the United Kingdom, and United States is performed to provide further insight into the aforementioned strategies and to construct a FinTech supervision model framework. Second, through case study analysis, the P2P lending market differences between the United Kingdom, United States, Japan, mainland China, and Taiwan are explored. Moreover, this paper describes the development of P2P supervision patterns in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Taiwan to provide P2P supervision policy suggestions for Taiwan, such as consensus formation and regulatory adaptation, to enable more technology-integrated supervision, implement organizational transformation of the FSC, reshape the FSC’s vision, integrate internal and external resources, implement mutual aid between information disclosure and credit rating, guide funds and create new markets, and establish secondary markets, C2C community management, diversified product sales, cross-industry alliances, and R&D investment.

並列關鍵字

Financial Supervision ； FinTech ； Peer-to-peer Lending

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