- 學位論文
電磁鎖定限滑差速器之設計參數分析
Design Parameters Analysis of Electric-locking Limited-slip Differentials
摘要
本研究探討一種具扭力調控之差速器，電磁鎖定限滑差速器（Electric-locking Limited-slip Differential, ELSD），分析其機構以及運作方式，建立其力學模型，並提出關鍵設計參數以及各參數對ELSD及車輛性能的影響，藉由改變關鍵設計參數優化車輛的行車動態。ELSD是以多板摩擦式限滑差速器為基礎搭，配電磁鐵、電磁鐵凸輪板、推桿、作用板以及傘齒輪凸輪板等鎖定機構，具備限滑與鎖定的功能。本研究首先拆解並分析ELSD的構造組成及各階段的動力流，並針對內部各個零件，以自由體圖的方式分析其受力情形，並建立ELSD的力學模型。然後，將ELSD結合整車進行數值模擬分析，探討ELSD對於車輛的扭力分配在車輛之驅動力、車輪滑差、車輛加速等性能之影響，結果顯示ELSD與開放式差速器及多板摩擦式限滑差速器比較，在車輛遭遇打滑時，能提供較佳的驅動力及加速性能。最後討論鎖定機構中的重要零件參數，分析並優化這些參數對車輛性能如鎖定時間、驅動力，以及ELSD內部各零件受力的影響。本研究成功使用ELSD力學模型，評估其對車輛動態，以及計算出各零件的受力，並且藉由改變關鍵設計參數優化鎖定時間。
並列摘要
A torque-vectoring differential named Electric-locking Limited-slip Differential (ELSD) is discussed in this study. Analyzing its mechanism, way of operation, and establishing its numerical model. The key design parameters and the influence of each parameter on ELSD and vehicle dynamics are proposed, and the driving dynamics of the vehicle are optimized by changing the key design parameters. The structure of ELSD is based on a clutch-type limited slip differential with locking mechanism like an electromagnet, an ELOCK face cam, a pushrod, an acting plate, a wave spring and a side gear face cam to achieve both limited slip and locking functionality. At first, the structural of the ELSD is disassembled and the dynamic flow of each stage are analyzed. The force on each part are analyzed by drawing free body diagram, and is used to establish numerical model of the ELSD. Then combined ELSD with numerical simulation of whole vehicle to verifie how the torque distribution of ELSD affect the vehicle traction force, wheel slip, and acceleration of the vehicle. The results show that the ELSD can maintain better traction force and acceleration performance when the vehicle encounters split-μ road than open differentials and clutch-type limited slip differentials. Finally, the important part parameters in the locking mechanism are discussed, and the influence of these parameters on vehicle dynamics such as locking time, driving force, and the forces on each part inside the ELSD is analyzed and optimized. This study successfully used the ELSD numerical model to evaluate its effect on vehicle dynamics, calculate the forces on each part, and optimize the locking time by changing key design parameters.
參考文獻
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