中國大陸信訪制度之研究

「信訪制度」是一種具有中國特色的政治制度，是中國大陸密切聯繫民眾的重要管道，發揮著政治參與、權力監督、利益表達、糾紛解決、權利救濟的功能。但隨著中國大陸改革開放，貧富差距日漸懸殊、各階層利益衝突日趨激烈、社會矛盾日益突出，導致「信訪」活動轉為表達形式激烈與大規模群體抗議，而影響社會穩定。「信訪制度」所面臨的困境，涉及「信訪制度」本身，也與人民思想觀念和大環境體制環環相扣。「信訪制度」是一個充滿中國特色的課題，其蘊含著豐富的理論意義和現實價值，研究「信訪制度」遂成為觀察與瞭解中國大陸社會不可或缺的重要視窗。本研究以文獻分析法為主要研究方法，將研究分成六部份，第一部分：回顧「信訪制度」的歷史淵源與發展；第二部分：歸納「信訪制度」的存在任務與功能；第三部分：理解「信訪制度」的規範結構與體制運作；第四部份：分析「信訪制度」面臨的社會情況與問題；第五部分：探討「信訪制度」的改革策略與動向；第六部份：結論。

關鍵字

信訪制度；政治參與；權力監督；糾紛解決；權利救濟

並列摘要

"Letters and Calls System" is a political system within Chinese feature in Mainland China, a very important one to bring the capabilities on political participation, power supervision, dispute resolution, right to relief for Chinese people to relief the administration right. During the reform and opening market in Mainland China to lead the gap between rich and poor growing, and following conflict of interests of all sectors and social conflicts are becoming increasingly fierce, leading to have become increasingly prominent forms of expression into a fierce petition activities with extensive petition, which will affect social stability. " Letters and Calls System" is facing difficulties related to itself, but also link with the way of people thinking and the institutional environment. " Letters and Calls System" is a subject full of Chinese feature that contains a wealth of theoretical and practical value of the study, therefore " Letters and Calls System" became the indispensable observation to understand Chinese society. Through literature analysis,this paper is divided into six parts to have an overall view of " Letters and Calls System", the first part: historical origins and development review; second part: induction tasks and functions exist; third part: understanding the normative structure and system operation; fourth part: analysis of social situations and problems the system faces; fifth part: discussion reform strategies and trends of the system.；sixth part: conclusions.