潮間帶螺類形態作為生態建築之設計

Ecological Architectural Prototype Based on Morphology of Intertidal Snails

簡哲士(Che-Shih Chien)

指導教授 ： 張文亮

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物環境系統工程學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.01593

摘要

結合生態建築的省能觀念，與有機建築取自於自然界生物，所運用的自由形式，目前正由模仿自然界的機能形態為依據，而用於建築設計。本研究分析潮間帶螺類賴以因應熱逆境的形態參數，作為建築設計的依據，以創造舒適的熱環境。
研究物種為臍孔黑鐘螺、粗紋玉黍螺、網目海蜷、黑瘤蟹守螺等四種在台灣潮間帶常見的螺類。螺殼在整體形態、表面性質與材質比熱上有釵h差異，正反映了其棲地分布於不同海岸垂直斷面上，為因應環境衝擊所演化出的形態。昇溫實驗測得臍孔黑鐘螺的熱傳遞係數最高，為3.33±1.01×10-3WK-1cm-2，粗紋玉黍螺最低，為0.80±0.14 ×10-3WoK-1cm-2。降溫實驗是黑瘤蟹守螺最高，為2.64±0.51×10-3 WK-1cm-2，粗紋玉黍螺最低，為0.60±0.04×10-3WK-1cm-2。有風的狀態下，每種螺殼在螺尖背對風時，熱傳遞係數都最高。螺殼的熱傳遞係數與形態參數的相關性，以螺殼密度與結構體積最具顯著性，顯示螺殼的熱傳導機制影響最大。在風場中的散熱，表面積與總體積之比的顯著性，大於長寬比，即表面複雜度的影響，大於形體結構。
本研究運用螺殼形態的形態參數，設計辦公建築、倉庫、球場、遊憩建築、月台與建築附屬設施，藉以創造適當的熱環境。

關鍵字

生態建築 ； 熱傳遞係數 ； 潮間帶螺類

並列摘要

Recently, architecture design has combined the concept of the biological architecture and organic architecture by imitating the function type from the nature world. This paper discusses the correlation between the morphology parameters of intertidal snail shells and their heat-transfer coefficients during the heating and cooling experiments. According to the result, we take the parameters to design architecture and create a comfortable heat condition in the interior.
This study focuses on four species of intertidal snail which are not rare in Taiwan(Omphalius nigerrima, Clypeomorus humilis, Cerithidea rhizophorarum, Littoraria scabra). There are much difference to the morphology, surface and the specific heat among these shells, and it reflects the evolution of the morphology for resisting the impact of the habitats which distribute over the different vertical sections of the shore. As the result of the heating experiment, Omphalius nigerrima has the highest heat-transfer coefficient, 3.33±1.01×10-3 WK-1cm-2,and Littoraria scabra has the lowest one, 0.60±0.04×10-3WK-1cm-2. During the cooling experiment, Clypeomorus humilis has the highest heat-transfer coefficient, 2.64±0.51×10-3 WK-1cm-2, and Littoraria scabra has the lowest one, 0.60±0.04×10-3WK-1cm-2. It has the highest heat-transfer coefficient when the shell tip is against the wind in the wind field. Density and material volume are the most significant parameters of the correlation between the morphology and heat-transfer coefficients. Therefore, the heat-transfer of the shells is mainly effected by the conductivity. The specific value of surface area and overall volume are more significant to heat-transfer than the length-width ratio in the wind field. In other words, the morphology complexity of the shells has greater impact than the shell structure.
The morphology parameters of the snail shells can be applied to design office building, storehouse, basketball court, recreational architecture, platform and its accessory equipment, in order to create a suitable heat condition .

並列關鍵字

biological architecture ； heat-transfer coefficient ； intertidal snail

參考文獻

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