應用於結構健康監測的靜電紡絲PVDF壓電纖維自感應複合材料之開發

Development of Electrospun PVDF Piezoelectric Fiber Self-Sensing Composites for Structural Health Monitoring

吳秉倫(Ping-Lun Wu)

指導教授 ： 黃心豪

國立臺灣大學/工學院/工程科學及海洋工程學研究所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202201125

摘要

本研究利用靜電紡絲技術製作的PVDF/GNPs微奈米複合纖維薄膜搭配纖維複合材料製程，將玻璃纖維布上的部分纖維替換成碳纖維方式作為感應層電極，並將PVDF/GNPs微奈米複合纖維薄膜嵌入其中，最終製作成兼具機械性能與感測性能的多功能壓電自感應複合材料。
靜電紡絲聚合物溶液為16 wt% PVDF溶液添加0.05 wt%的石墨烯奈米片，溶劑選擇DMSO和丙酮比例為6：4，最佳化參數為施加電壓15 kV、針頭與收集器距離為15 cm和溶液流率為2 ml/hr製備具有高β相含量的PVDF複合纖維薄膜，再將其嵌入已替換好碳纖維的玻璃纖維布中製備壓電自感應複合材料，探討不同受力類型的抗彎強度，實驗結果顯示嵌入於壓力側的強度較佳，而有嵌入PVDF複合纖維薄膜較未嵌入的抗彎強度提升約111 MPa。
為了貼近實際應用層面，進行四點彎曲試驗以及低速衝擊測試，實驗結果顯示，當彎曲過程損傷發生時，壓電訊號亦隨之改變，證實壓電自感應複合材料具有初步感測性能；低速衝擊實驗則討論衝擊能量對感測性能的影響，在衝擊能量約400 mJ內的線性響應區為可應用範圍，隨著距離衝擊點位置由近至遠導致自感應複合材料感測性能的失效的衝擊能量為960 mJ至1300 mJ。

關鍵字

靜電紡絲PVDF纖維 ； 石墨烯 ； 多功能複合材料 ； 智能材料 ； 結構健康監測

並列摘要

In this study, the PVDF/GNPs micro-nano composite membrane fabricated by electrospinning technology is combined with the fiber composite laminate process. In the process, some fibers on the glass fiber fabric are replaced with carbon fibers as the electrodes of sensing layer, and the PVDF/GNPs micro-nano composite membrane is embedded in the fabric to make multifunctional piezoelectric self-sensing composite laminate. This self-sensing composite laminate has both mechanical property and sensing ability.
The electrospinning polymer solution is a 16 wt% PVDF solution with 0.05 wt% graphene nanosheets added. The solvent selection is DMSO and acetone which ratio is 6:4. The optimized parameters are the applied voltage of 15 kV and the distance between the needle and the collector of 15 cm and a solution flow rate of 2 ml/hr to prepare PVDF composite membrane with high β-phase content, and then embed them in glass fiber fabric with carbon fibers replaced to prepare piezoelectric self-sensing composite laminate. The experimental results to investigate the flexural strength of different load types show that the strength of embedded in compression side is better, while the flexural strength of the embedded PVDF composite membrane is about 111 MPa higher than that of the unembedded one.
To be close to the practical application, a four-point bending test and a low velocity impact test were carried out. The results showed that when the damage occurred during the bending process, the piezoelectric response also changed, which confirmed that the piezoelectric self-sensing composite laminate has preliminary sensing performance; The low velocity impact experiment discusses the impact of impact energy on the sensing performance. The impact energy that leads to the failure of the sensing performance of the self-sensing composite laminate is 960 mJ to 1300 mJ with the distance from the impact point position from near to far.

並列關鍵字

Electrospinning PVDF fibers ； graphene ； multifunctional composites ； smart materials ； structural health monitoring

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