馬祖地區婦女下泌尿道症狀和尿失禁盛行率之調查

Prevalence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Urinary Incontinence in Women of the Matsu area of Taiwan

許汶蒼(Wen-Tsang Hsu)

指導教授 ： 余宏政

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/臨床醫學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.02423

摘要

本研究的主要目的是：
1. 評估下泌尿道症狀及尿失禁之盛行率。
2. 找出下泌尿道症狀及尿失禁之危險因子，
研究方法與材料
所有30歲以上馬祖地區婦女接受下泌尿道症狀的問卷調查，包含儲尿症狀（storage symptoms），頻尿、尿急感、夜尿、應力性或急迫性尿失禁；排尿症狀（voiding symptoms）包括尿不乾淨，小便斷斷續續，尿流細而無力及小便須肚子用力等。問卷包含病人基本資料（年齡、教育程度、職業、生產史及停經與否），內科疾病病史和病人的身高體重及血壓。總共908位女性30歲以上婦女完成問卷調查。
結果
儲尿症狀的盛行率：頻尿（30.0%）、急尿（20.9%）、夜尿（19.3%）、應力性尿失禁（51.3%）和急迫性尿失禁（19.0%）。排尿症狀的盛行率：約16~18%之間。美國泌尿科學會症狀指標（AUA symptom score），73%婦女有輕微的下泌尿道症狀，22.5%婦女有中度的下泌尿道症狀，4.5%婦女有嚴重的下泌尿道症狀。下泌尿道症狀罹患率從30歲至40歲年輕族群（12.9%）至大於70歲年老族群（36.4%），其罹患率增加23.5%；應力性尿失禁從45.4%至51.3%增加5.9%；婦女下泌尿道症狀的危險因子，包括年齡65歲以上、停經、產次二次以上、身體質量指數（body mass index, BMI）大於25、曾接受婦科手術、糖尿病和高血壓等，均達到統計學顯著差異。
結論
藉由馬祖地區的研究，瞭解下泌尿道症狀及尿失禁盛行率和危險因子，來提升民眾採取預防措施，並增進其生活品質。

關鍵字

下泌尿道症狀 ； 尿失禁 ； 盛行率

並列摘要

Prevalence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Urinary Incontinence in Women of the Matsu area of Taiwan
The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary incontinence among women residing in the Matsu area of Taiwan, and also to examine the association of this condition with sociodemographic and health characteristics.

Between October 2002 and February 2003, all female adults older than 30years residing in Matsu area were invited to participate in a health awareness campaign. A total of 908 female adults aged 30 to 91 years completed the study survey. Among them, 30.0% reported frequency,29.9% urgency, 19.3% nocturia，stress incontinence 51.3 %， and urge incontinence 19.0%. The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms increased with age from 12.9% in the 30~39 age group to 36.4% in the ≧70 years age group. In addition to age, diabetes and hypertension was also independently associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. This study suggests the importance of lower urinary tract symptoms as a health problem and the need for greater awareness and treatment.

並列關鍵字

lower urinary tract symptoms ； urinary incontinence ； prevalence

參考文獻

1. Abrams P, Blaivas JG, Stanton SL, Anderson JT: The International Continence Society Committee on Staderdisation of Terminology: the standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1988; 114(suppl): 5

2. Bosch JL: The overactive bladder: current aetiological concepts. BJU Int 199;83(suppl 2): 7-9

3. Brown JS, Grady D, Ouslander JG, Herzog AR, Varner RE, Posner S: Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in postmenopausal women. Heart & Estrogen/ Progestin Replacement Study(HERS) Research Group. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94:66-70

4. Bump RC: racial comparisons and contrasts in urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Obstet Gynecol 1993: 81 421

5. Burgio KL, Locher JL, Zyczynski H, Hardin JM, Singh K: Urinary incontinence during pregnancy in a racially mixed sample: characteristics and predisposing factors. Int Urogynecol J: 1996: 7:69