海明威《旭日又升》中的男性焦慮與戀物癖

Masculine Anxiety and Fetishism in Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises

吳悠(Yu Wu)

指導教授 ： 劉亮雅

國立臺灣大學/文學院/外國語文學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.02725

摘要

無資料

關鍵字

旭日又升 ； 海明威 ； 男性焦慮 ； 白人男性至上 ； 種族與性別他者 ； 戀物癖

並列摘要

This thesis aims to investigate how masculine anxiety, the anxiety over the rise of racial and sexual others, is reflected in The Sun Also Rises and to analyze what strategies are used to rebuild white male supremacy. The first chapter draws socio-historical evidence to examine the factors that result in masculine anxiety in the 1920s, including mass immigration, the visibility of gay subculture, and the rise of New Woman. Critical attention is devoted to the representation of the Jewish character Robert Cohn, for he challenges the white men's prerogatives in both social and sexual realms. Chapter Two discusses the representation of Brett Ashley and her relationships with the male characters by means of Freud's theory of fetishism, Laura Mulvey's concept of the male spectator as fetishist and the female spectacle as fetish, and Luce Irigaray's observation of "the exchange of woman." Brett is relegated to a "phallic-mother fetish" and an object with exchange value that men can "have" in order to enhance their masculinities. The third chapter focuses on how Jake Barnes struggles to reconstruct his sense of control through working, spending, drinking, fishing, and bullfighting; even so, his endeavor can never lead him back to the state of masculine wholeness. It is hoped that by showing how white male supremacy is sustained through denigrating the non-white, non-heterosexual and fetishizing the woman, this thesis will reveal the "fragility" of white masculinity, pointing out that patriarchy is susceptible to subversions and must depend on the "marginal" to prove its validity.

並列關鍵字

The Sun Also Rises ； Hemingway ； masculine anxiety ； white male supremacy ； racial and sexual others ； fetishism

參考文獻

Adair, William. “The Sun Also Rises: A Memory of War.” Twentieth-Century Literature 47.1 (2001): 72-91.

Baker, Carlos. Hemingway: The Writer as Artist. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1952.

Bederman, Gail. Manliness and Civilization: A Cultural History of Gender and Race in the United States, 1880-1917. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1996.

Chauncey, George. Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Makings of the Gay Male World 1890-1940. New York: Basic, 1994.

Cole, Sarah. Modernism, Male Friendship, and the First World War. New York: Cambridge UP, 2003.