砂箱物理模型模擬在現今地質學研究中被廣泛的運用,它可以輔助我們瞭解大地構造的可能模式,進而解釋複雜的地質現象。本論文嘗試以砂箱物理模型模擬,配合前人對於台灣地區研究的結果來設定砂箱模型之基本條件,藉由二維剖面的方向來研究增積楔形體中構造的發育過程,及其受到基盤高地的影響。 在以往的砂箱物理模擬模型中,絕大部分以定性分析討論其實驗結果,並且對於基盤高地關於增積楔形體內部構造發育的影響甚少討論到。本論文除了用砂箱物理模擬實驗主要討論基盤高區造成的影響,也討論滑脫面上岩層厚度的改變所產生的效應。對於砂箱物理模擬實驗之結果分析,除了定性分析外,嘗試加入量化計算方法和運用PIV分析軟體來解析。以期望能對控制造山楔形體發育的變因加以瞭解並對台灣島前陸構造之發育演化能有些許的了解與助益。 本文砂箱物理模型經過分析,獲得以下幾點結論:變形帶(Deformation zone)發育率為一個穩定值,是由逆衝構造與背衝構造的發育所控制,物理模擬實驗中主要影響為後座體的變形。逆衝構造皆為有秩序的往前發育,越向前發育的越晚。變形前緣都是發育整組的共軛逆衝斷層,並形成上衝構造。基盤高區的存在加快增積楔形體的變形前緣向前發育的速度。岩層厚度較薄有明顯向下插入的現象,使逆衝斷層向前發育的距離較近且逆衝構造之間距較小。初始楔形體的大小跟形貌,影響增積楔形體剛開始發育的位置與方式。在PIV分析上,可從二維剖面之紀錄影像圖分析結果來預測向前發育的逆衝構造與向後發育的背衝構造之生成時機。
Sandbox physically modeling is generally applied to geological studies today. As the possible models of the development of the kinematics and dynamics evolution of structure by sandbox could be interpreted. In this study, I will try to employ the principles of sandbox physically modeling in combination with results of previous studies about the Taiwan region to setup the major parameters of modeling. Analyses of the evolutional process of structure in the accretional wedge by basement high will be illustrated by 2-Dimension cross-section. In previous sandbox physically modeling, the discussions of experimental results were mostly by qualitative analysis. There was little discussion on the effect of structure evolution inside accretion wedges with reference to basement high. Therefore, this sandbox physically modeling experiment mainly aimed to search the effect of basement high, and to evaluate the effect of sand layer thickness above d