玻璃基板上以溶膠凝膠法製備堅固之透明超疏水薄膜

Fabrication of Robust, Transparent, and Superhydrophobic Films on Glasses by a Sol-Gel Process

吳澤旻(Tse-Min Wu)

指導教授 ： 林招松

國立臺灣大學/工學院/材料科學與工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.03088

摘要

超疏水透明之自潔表面的應用日漸受到重視，具備超疏水自潔特性之表面可藉由雨水沖刷帶走表面汙染物而大大降低清洗次數，在環保節能上有很大之貢獻。以目前的實驗研究結果，超疏水透明薄膜仍無法廣泛應用，其主要原因來自於薄膜結構穩定性的不足，因而降低了實際應用的價值。因此，強化薄膜之穩定性可延長薄膜之使用期限，提高其應用價值。
本研究利用SiO2顆粒作為粗糙結構的來源，並添加水解之四乙基矽氧烷(TEOS)以增加結構之穩定性，最後將其配置成以乙醇為溶劑之溶液，再利用沉浸塗佈的方式將溶液塗佈於玻璃基材上，經由150℃之低溫烘烤固化後可製備出具粗糙度之結構，隨後塗佈PFOTS之低表面能材料而可獲得疏水之薄膜。接著作表面性質的分析，並探討拉出速率與TEOS添加量對薄膜性質的影響。
實驗結果顯示，拉出速率增加，薄膜之疏水性、疏油性及透光率皆有下降的趨勢，當拉出速率高於22.82 cm/min，表面便不具有超疏水性。另外，當拉出速率低於16.3 cm/min時，乙醇稀釋比例的增加，表示水解TEOS添加量的減少，薄膜之疏水性及透光率皆有增加的趨勢。然而，水解TEOS量的減少，同時會降低薄膜結構之穩定性，因此，水解TEOS之添加量，即稀釋比例應有一適當值，可以同時保持薄膜之疏水性及透光率，且結構具有足夠之穩定性。實驗結果顯示，當稀釋比例約為200，拉出速率約為16.3 cm/min之製程條件下，可以製備出水靜態接觸角達167°、遲滯接觸角4°、油靜態接觸角140°和可見光穿透率91%的薄膜，對此薄膜作結構穩定性之分析，結果亦顯示其具有相當之穩定性。
本研究利用溶膠凝膠法可在低溫製備之特性，在較低之工作溫度下成功製備出堅固之超疏水透明薄膜，低工作溫度除了可以減少耗能，亦可達到成本降低的效果，因而提高實際應用的價值。

關鍵字

超疏水 ； 自潔 ； 溶膠凝膠法 ； 堅固 ； 透明

並列摘要

People gradually attach great importance to the application of the self-cleaning surface due to the environmental protection. The current experimental results show the stability of the films is still not robust enough to widely use. Therefore, for practical applications, the main study direction is to strengthen the hierarchical structure.
In this thesis, the hierarchical structure is fabricated with silica nanoparticles and TEOS at the solidifying temperature of 150℃ by sol-gel dip coating. Following to coat the PFOTS layer on the hierarchical structure and the superhydrophobic film is obtained. After the surface properties measurements, the effects of the withdrawing speed and the TEOS content are discussed.
The results show that the hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, and transmittance reduce with raising the withdrawing speed. The surface loses superhydrophobicity as the withdrawing speed exceeds 22.82 cm/min. Further, at the condition of the lower withdrawing speed (below 16.3 cm/min), the hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, and transmittance enhance with raising the ethanol dilute ratio. This effect cannot be observed when the withdrawing speed is higher than 22.82 cm/min. After the stability test, the best experimental parameters of the dilute ratio of 200 and the withdrawing speed of 16.3 cm/min can be found. At this condition, the water static contact angle of the surface is 167°; the contact angle hysteresis is 4°; the oil static contact angle is 140°; the transmittance is 91%.
To sum up, the robust, transparent, and superhydrophobic film can be fabricated at the low working temperature. This can promote the practical applications due to the less energy consumption and the low cost.

並列關鍵字

Superhydrophobic ； Self-cleaning ； Sol-gel ； Robust ； Transparent

參考文獻

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