管件液壓扭力樑後懸吊系統之強度分析與成形性研究

Structure Strength Analysis and Formability Study for an Automotive Rear Suspension with a Tube-Hydroformed Twist Beam

楊介一(Chieh-I Yang)

指導教授 ： 陳復國

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.03006

摘要

扭力樑後懸吊系統具有構造簡單、重量輕與成本低之優點，且提供車室較大的運用空間，近年來被廣泛的運用在都會小型車輛上。扭力樑依成形方式可分為管件液壓件與沖壓件，依外型則可分為直型與彎型，而本論文係針對管件液壓件扭力樑後懸吊系統，進行結構強度與管件液壓件成形性分析之研究。
扭力樑開發過程須考慮各項性能，包含功能性、製造性與安全性。扭轉剛性為扭力樑功能性參考指標之一，本論文藉由扭力樑之運動模式探討扭轉剛性之計算方式，並提出等效扭轉剛性之分析方法。因扭力樑係由截面造型、搭接端口與過度區所組成，本論文利用等效扭轉剛性計算方式探討扭力樑截面參數與扭轉剛性之關係，並以有限元素法分析截面參數對扭力樑成形性之影響。歸納整理上述影響性後，本論文探討出截面參數對扭力樑之綜合影響，並提供管件液壓件扭力樑設計之參考依據。
扭力樑設計過程需利用各種測試來確保其具有足夠安全性，其中台架測試與突起乘越試驗為較重要的測試項目。本論文利用有限元素軟體，建立台架試驗之靜態分析模型與突起乘越試驗之動態分析模型，並經由實驗驗證確認所建立模型之正確性。本論文並使用所建立之模型對沖壓件與管件液壓件扭力樑進行比較，並明確得知管件液壓件扭力樑在高強度與輕量化之優勢。

關鍵字

扭力樑 ； 管件液壓成形 ； 扭轉剛性 ； 台架試驗 ； 突起乘越試驗 ； 有限元素法

並列摘要

Torsion beam rear suspension system is advantageous for simple structure, light weight, and low cost. Besides, torsion beam rear suspension system allows for a larger space in the car interior. Recently, torsion beam rear suspension system has been widely adopted in small urban vehicles. According to the forming process of torsion beam, hydroforming and stamping are categorized. Based on the shapes of torsion beam, straight shape and curved shape torsion beams are identified. This thesis aims to investigate the structure intensity of a rear suspension system and the forming process of a tube-hydroformed torsion beam.
Several aspects should be considered when developing a torsion beam, including functionality, formability, and safety. Torsional stiffness is one of the important indicators of the intensity for a torsion beam. By dint of the kinematic motion of the suspension beam, this thesis discussed the calculation operations of the torsional stiffness and proposed an equivalent torsional stiffness as a means for analysis. As the geometry of a torsion beam is composed of contact area, constant section area, and transition area, this thesis utilized the calculation of equivalent torsional stiffness to discuss the relationships between the cross-sectional parameters and the torsional stiffness. Also, this thesis employed the finite element method to analyze the influence of cross-sectional parameters on the formability of a torsion beam. Finally, there is an overall discussion of cross-sectional parameters’ effects on the torsion beam, and this thesis provides some fundamental concepts for designing a tube-hydroformed torsion beam.

The structural strength of torsion beam must pass through a series of tests due to safety concerns and regulations. Among the tests, bench test and road bump test are pivotal. With the use of the finite element analysis, this thesis established the static model of the bench test along with the dynamic model of the road bump test. Experiments were conducted to verify the accuracy of the models. Also, this thesis uses the models to compare the differences between a stamped torsion beam and a tube-hydroformed torsion beam, and concludes that the tube-hydroformed torsion beam has the merits of high intensity and light weight over the stamped torsion beam.

並列關鍵字

torsion beam ； tube hydroforming ； torsional stiffness ； bench test ； road bump test ； finite element analysis

參考文獻

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