兒少家庭照顧者成年轉銜過程的經驗

Young Carers’ Experiences of Transitions to Adulthood

劉安庭(An-Ting Liu)

指導教授 ： 鄭麗珍

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/社會工作學研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2015.02573

摘要

近年來，兒童少年做為家庭照顧者已成為一個真實的社會現象，但卻時常被視為是孝順的表現，以致他們的照顧經驗與不利處境長期被忽略。國內外的相關研究也指出，負擔照顧工作危害孩子的身心健康與發展、阻礙學習機會與學校參與，以及限制結交朋友與娛樂的機會等負面影響。此外，由孩子來照顧家人不但使他們的兒童時期發展不順利，甚至也可能在成年轉銜過程造成危機。然而，成年轉銜過程是個體發展的關鍵階段，因為此時期所做的任何選擇與決定皆會對於往後的成年生活產生影響。不過，在台灣，有關於兒少家庭照顧者成年轉銜過程的研究相當稀少，因此我們無法得知他們處於轉銜階段的生活經驗及感受。
本研究以質性研究的方法，深入訪談六位18歲以上的兒少家庭照顧者，來瞭解他們成年轉銜過程的生活樣貌，以及回顧過去的照顧經驗。本研究結果顯示兩類兒少照顧者。其一，家庭照顧的工作從兒童期持續至成年轉銜期，這類的兒少照顧者的各個生活層面的發展與規劃都受到限制，例如升學、就業、婚姻等方面的發展與選擇都受到限制無法發展。其二，先前的家庭照顧責任已結束，此類的兒少照顧者可以開始啟動其成年轉銜期，開始規劃其升學、就業、婚姻等方面的計畫，並期待自己或子女一生都不要再度經歷家庭照顧的工作。最後，本研究提出相關的思索與建議，期待社會大眾能夠關注兒少家庭照顧者的權益，且呼籲國家能發展與提供相關服務措施給予合適的協助。

關鍵字

兒少家庭照顧者 ； 成年轉銜過程 ； 照顧經驗

並列摘要

There are more and more young careers taking over the role of family caregivers in Taiwan. Too much emphasizing on the value of filial virtue culturally has ignored how overburden they are. Past literature points out that the overburden responsibility of family caregiving for young careers might have short- and long-term consequences. Caregiving might not only jeapardy young careers’ health, school involvement, and making friends, life chances, but also in the long run disrupt their successful transitions from childhood to adulthood. This study intends to explore how difficult their transitions from childhood to adulthood.
The data collecting used s qualitative approach. Six young careers who were over 18 years old were in-depth interviewed to inquire about their past caregiving experiences and their developmental process from childhood to adulthood. The results found two kinds of young careers. First, adults who were once young careers still carried on their family caregiving work. Their developmental process has been still on halt at all levels. Being adults, their planning on education, employment, or marriage were all obstructed or delayed. Second, adults who once young careers were no longer to carry on family caregiving work. Although a little bit late, their developmental process of adulthood was ignited again. They could plan for future development on education, employment, or marriage. Finally, reflections and implications on smooth transition from childhood to adulthood for young careers were included. Advocacy for public policy was also pleaded to improve service provisions for young careers.

並列關鍵字

young carers ； the transition to adulthood ； caregiving experiences

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