考量使用者多重車站選擇之公共自行車最佳化模型

Optimization of Docks Distribution in a Bike-Sharing System Considering Travelers’ Multi-Station Choices

張瑞巖(Ruei-Yan Chang)

指導教授 ： 許聿廷

共同指導教授 ： 坂井勝哉(Katsuya Sakai)

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202101791

摘要

公共自行車系統在世界各大城市已經越來越普遍，成為都市交通運輸的一環。而公共自行車系統最大的問題則是基於時空用量的不同所導致的資源分配困難。2020年初，一種新式的有樁式公共自行車系統於台北開始營運。由於改善了車站及車柱的建置成本，此系統可以根據使用情況的變化，更靈活地重新分配或設置車柱。因此可以在熱門的區域設置更密集的站點，特別是在當鄰近站點本身沒有可借的自行車時，使用者可以在較短距離內尋找下一個具可借車輛的自行車站。本研究將此種使用者行為納入車柱分配問題，並建置一個兩階段是最佳化模型來確定每個站點的車柱數及不同時段的最佳車輛分配，能夠有效反應用量變化及增加營運效率。本研究以YouBike 2.0公館系統做為案例分析，並參考不同情境，用來驗證本模型的有效性。

關鍵字

有樁式公共自行車系統 ； 車柱分布 ； 多重站點選擇 ； 營運品質 ； 兩階段式最佳化模型

並列摘要

Bike-Sharing Systems (BSSs) have become more and more prevalent around the world. The major problem of BSS operation is related to the spatiotemporally-varying usage pattern, which leads to the difficulty of resource allocation. In 2020, a dock-based BBS with lower construction cost was operating in Taiwan, which allows more flexible dock re-distribution/installation based on changes in usage. Thereby, denser stations hotspots/areas can be deployed for more convenient service. Particularly for the situation of no bike to rent at a station, users may be able to walk to a nearby station to access an available bike. This study incorporates such behavioral consideration into the problem of dock adjustment/re-allocation and develops a two-stages optimization model to determine the number of docks at each station for better response to demand variation and enhanced operational efficiency. A case study of Youbike 2.0 deployment in Gongguna, Taipei, Taiwan, is provided to verify the capability of the proposed model.

並列關鍵字

Dock-Based Bike-Sharing System ； Dock Redistribution ； Multi-Station Choices ； Service Quality ； Two-stages Optimization

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