組織內知識移轉機制與移轉績效—從知識市場之交易成本觀點

Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms and Its Effect within Organizations---Exploring from the Perspectives of Transaction Cost in Knowledge Market

尤國任(Kuo-Jen Yu)

指導教授 ： 陳文賢

國立臺灣大學/管理學院/資訊管理學研究所/博士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.02863

摘要

知識移轉是一個跨學域的議題，其可從不同的層面加以探討，並可利用不同的觀點加以詮釋。本研究即是從經濟學的觀點，從交易成本分析探討組織內知識交易成本因子對知識交易(移轉)機制之影響，以及知識交易成本因子與知識交易(移轉)機制對知識移轉績效之影響。因此本研究首先回顧過去知識移轉之文獻，並推導組織內知識市場的存在與特性，以說明交易成本分析用於組織內部知識交易個體之合理性，進而導出影響組織內部知識交易成本之因子，而形成本研究架構。

本研究透過對國內大學EMBA學生的調查(survey)，並利用結構方程模型的技術進行分析的結果發現：1.在知識交易成本因子對知識移轉機制選擇之影響方面，「任務不確定性」、「資訊完備性」、「資訊不對稱性」與「知識內隱性」對組織內知識需求者知識移轉機制選擇有直接影響，而「信任」、「任務不確定性」、「資訊完備性」、「知識內隱性」與「知識資產特殊性」則是對知識移轉機制選擇有間接影響；2.在知識移轉機制對知識移轉績效之影響方面，「知識中介交易機制」與「強連繫知識社群」對「時效性」、「可靠性」與「有用性」三項知識移轉績效皆存在著顯著且正向之直接影響，且「知識中介交易機制」與「強連繫知識社群」亦同時存在對該三項知識移轉績效存在顯著且正向之間接影響，然而「弱連繫知識社群」對於三項知識移轉績效的直接與間接效果則是完全不顯著；3.在知識交易成本因子與知識移轉機制其對知識移轉績效之影響方面，「信任」、「任務不確定性」、「資訊完備性」、「資訊不對稱性」與「知識內隱性」等知識交易成本因子，則對知識移轉績效同時存在有直接與間接影響。此一結果具有相當多的理論與實務上的意涵，可作為未來研究與應用之基礎與重要參考。

關鍵字

知識移轉 ； 知識市場 ； 交易成本分析 ； 知識中介 ； 知識社群 ； 強聯繫 ； 弱聯繫

並列摘要

Knowledge transfer is a trans-disciplined subject, which can be explored from different facets and interpreted from various perspectives. Viewing from transaction cost analysis of economics, this study aims to delve into the influence of transaction cost factors on knowledge transaction (transfer) mechanisms as well as the influence of knowledge transaction cost factors and knowledge transaction (transfer) mechanisms on knowledge transfer performances. This study therefore first reviewed previous literature on knowledge transfer, and from which deduced the presence of knowledge market as well as its characteristics to explain the rationality of knowledge transaction individual within organizations utilizing transaction cost analysis, and further from which inferred factors that affected knowledge transaction cost inside organizations.

The researcher conducted a survey of domestic university EMBA students and applied structural equation modeling (SEM) for data analysis. There were three major findings. First, in the aspect of influence of knowledge transaction cost factors on the choice of knowledge transfer mechanisms, “task uncertainty”, “information completeness”, “information asymmetry”, and “knowledge tacitness” had direct influence on knowledge buyers when they chose knowledge transfer mechanisms. While “trust”, “task uncertainty”, “information completeness”, “knowledge tacitness”, “knowledge asset specificity” had indirect influence on the choice of knowledge transfer mechanisms. Second, in the aspect of influence of knowledge transfer mechanisms on knowledge transfer performances, “knowledge medium transaction mechanism” and “strong tie knowledge communities” had significant and positive influence on the three knowledge transfer performances of timeliness, reliability as well as usefulness. In addition, “knowledge medium transfer mechanism” and “strong tie knowledge communities” had also indirect influence on the above three performances noticeably and positively. However, “weak tie knowledge communities” did not show significant influence on the above three performances either directly or indirectly. Third, in the aspect of influence of knowledge transaction cost factors and knowledge transfer mechanisms on knowledge transfer performances, knowledge transaction cost factors such as “trust”, “task uncertainty”, “information completeness”, “information asymmetry”, and “knowledge tacitness” had direct and indirect influence on knowledge transfer performances. The research findings carry many implications in theory and in practice, on which one can base and refer to for future research and application.

並列關鍵字

knowledge transfer ； knowledge market ； transaction cost analysis ； knowledge medium ； knowledge community ； strong tie ； weak tie

參考文獻

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