人參皂苷生物轉化物對脂肪細胞攝取葡萄糖的影響

Effect of Ginsenoside Catabolites on Glucose Uptake in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

陳家慧(Chia-Hui Chen)

指導教授 ： 孫璐西

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/食品科技研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.03193

摘要

人參與靈芝皆為深受國人喜愛與重視的保健食品，然而當以人參為原料的藥品及健康食品製造的同時，也產生大量的人參殘渣廢棄物。此外，文獻指出人參中最主要的活性成分人參皂苷原有的型態不利於人體吸收代謝。因此若配合具多種分解酵素的食藥用白腐真菌靈芝共同培養，則可以藉由菌絲體酵素的作用使人參皂苷上之糖基選擇性的被分解，成為活性較高且較易被人體吸收之形式。本研究乃以「人參渣固態培養靈芝」之產物〈人參靈芝發酵產物〉為試驗材料，以不同接菌量及培養天數為變因，進行脂肪細胞攝取葡萄糖的能力評估，與活性成分人參皂苷及多酚之分析，期能明瞭產物於不同培養條件下，其化學成分對生物活性的影響。結果顯示，人參靈芝發酵產物於發酵第八天以及第十三天，樣品濃度為 200 ppm時，能夠顯著提高成熟脂肪細胞 (3T3-L1 adipocytes) 28至45%之葡萄糖攝取量，比發酵前原料人參渣提高10%更有效，且此類似胰島素作用的活性於三種不同接菌量下，在不同發酵天數皆能觀察到。本研究亦探討七種已於文獻上顯示其具有調節血糖能力的人參皂苷組成變化，發現於發酵至十三天時，Rg1, Rg3以及CK之總和相對於七種人參皂苷之總和，從發酵前的2% 提高為30至35%；Re、Rb1、Rc以及Rh2則由98%下降65至70%。此外，於發酵期間同時觀察到β-glucosidase活性顯著提高，可能為轉換人參皂苷的主要酵素來源之一。依據以上結果，推測發酵至第十三天的人參靈芝發酵產物，相較於原人參殘渣更具有效提高脂肪細胞攝取葡萄糖的能力，乃因發酵後人參皂苷Rg1、Rg3及CK於產物中的比例提高。

關鍵字

人參皂苷赤芝 ； 生物轉化 ； T3-L1脂肪細胞 ； 葡萄糖攝取

並列摘要

Ginseng is a valuable herb which is popularly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine and functional food products in many Asian countries. Because of the high consumer demand of ginseng products, considerable amount of waste has been generated after extraction of ginseng; however, the lots of bioactive compounds still remained in the waste. The goal of this study was to utilize the ginseng extraction waste as the fermentation medium of G. lucidum to produce bioactive ginsenoside enriched bioconversion products with fermentation technology. We evaluated the hypoglycemic activity of the fermented products and developed an appropriate cultured condition for the bioconversion of ginsenosides. Fermented products at dose of 200 ppm induced higher glucose uptake in adipocytes than original ginseng waste. Ginsenosides Re, Rb1, Rc, and Rh2 showed a trend to decrease while Rg1, Rg3 and CK increased during the fermentation process, at the same time we observed higher β-glucosidase activity after the fermentation. The elevated activity of glucose uptake by the fermented ginseng products in adipocytes may be due to the increasing amounts of Rg1, Rg3 and CK after the fermentation process.

並列關鍵字

ginsenoside ； Ganoderma lucidum ； bioconversion ； 3T3-L1 adipocytes

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