汽車自動離合手排變速箱之力學分析與結構最佳化研究

Mechanics Analysis and Structural Optimization of an Auto-Clutch Manual-Transmission System used in Vehicles

楊文堯(Wen-Yao Yang)

指導教授 ： 吳文方

共同指導教授 ： 楊士進

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201702220

摘要

自動離合手排變速箱(Auto-Clutch Manual Transmission, ACMT)具有不需踩離合器、操作較手排變速箱簡單、成本與耗油量較自動變速箱低等多項優點，值得我國開發。為協助國內廠商自主開發一套ACMT系統，本研究針對ACMT之機構與結構進行研究。研究方法首先藉由馬達模擬引擎運轉，配合某特定型號的汽車變速箱建立ACMT測試平台。接著，參考既有資料，設計並加工製造出一能搭載在前述測試平台之雛形自動離合器機構；此其間，也以有限元素法進行結構分析，評估機構之剛性與結構材料之強度。本研究最後以最佳化方法，針對雛形機構之結構剛性進行優化，並探討其結果。本研究亦針對ACMT機構進行設計階段之失效模式與影響性分析，找出關鍵失效模式。研究結果發現，針對目前所設計製造的雛形ACMT系統（包括其機構與結構），雖結構優化前，材料並不會降伏，但機構變位可能影響運作之準確度。經優化後，基頻提升24%，機構較不易受低頻共振影響；而變位問題也獲得改善。在失效模式與影響性分析方面，本研究發現ACMT機構最關鍵失效模式為伺服馬達的軸承損壞，爾後宜多加注意並防範，避免該項失效發生。

關鍵字

自動離合手排變速箱 ； 有限元素分析 ； 結構分析 ； 結構最佳化 ； 失效模式與影響性分析

並列摘要

Auto-Clutch Manual Transmission (ACMT) has many advantages. Its operation is easier than that of manual transmission, and it does not have to install a clutch. Both its production cost and fuel consumption are lower when comparing with automatic transmission. In view of these advantages and to assist a domestic manufacturer developing a new ACMT system, a prototype of ACMT was made and a test platform was constructed. The platform consists of a motor and an automobile gearbox to simulate the engine operation and test the prototype of ACMT. The configuration and structure of the ACMT were studied in particular and their results are reported in this thesis. Aside from the design and construction of the test platform and the prototype, finite element analysis was carried out to examine the mechanics behavior of the prototype. While the strength and rigidity of the prototype were found to be appropriate, optimization analysis was performed furthermore for design improvements of the prototype. Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) was also carried out. It was found through these analyses that the prototype of the ACMT can be improved in both its strength and rigidity. As for the failure mode and effect analysis, it was found that the most critical failure mode of the ACMT is bearing-failure of the servo motor. Therefore, attention should be paid to it to prevent the occurrence of that kind of failure.

並列關鍵字

Auto-Clutch Manual Transmission (ACMT) ； Finite Element Analysis ； Structural Analysis ； Structural Optimization ； Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

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