基於以太坊虛擬機器智能合約架構在纏結之上

隨著 2008 年比特幣 (Bitcoin) 問世，區塊鏈技術逐年受到社會的重視，也啟發了許多區塊鏈技術的發展，而以太坊 (Ethereum) 的出現成功的將智能合約融入到區塊鏈系統裡，又將區塊鏈技術帶入了下一個紀元，IOTA則是基於TANGLE的分散式帳本，更強調低手續費跟規模化方面。智能合約是現今區塊鏈技術最重要的特色之一，它可以讓使用者不需要中間人，即可和其他使用者交易金錢、財產或任何有價值的東西。相比於傳統合約，他可以省去大量的人力、時間以及資源，同時可以帶來更穩定也更安全的效益。在以太坊問世之後，區塊鏈上的智能合約技術蓬勃發展，然而主流的智能合約架構仍有一些可以改進的地方。例如交易手續費仍然偏高，當IOT裝置需要高頻率的互動時規模化跟手續費成本都將是個問題，因此本論文提出了一個新的智能合約架構，可以跟IOTA結合，除了詳細介紹內容之外，也會探討其優點以及未來展望，並和當前最主流的兩個智能合約架構作比較。

關鍵字

以太坊；智慧型合約； IOTA ；物聯網；微支付

並列摘要

With the advent of Bitcoin in 2008, Blockchain has been gradually emphasized by society. It also inspires the development of Blockchain. Afterwards, the emergence of Ethereum has successfully integrated smart contract into Blockchain system bringing Blockchain into a new era. Moreover, IOTA is based on Tangle distributed ledger, placing greater emphasis on low transaction fee and scalability. Nowadays, one of the most significant features of Blockchain is smart contract, allowing users for money and property transactions or any valuable thing with other users without the middleman. Compared to the traditional contract, it can not only save a lot of labor, time and resources but also bring more stable and safer benefits. After Ethereum comes out, smart contract to flourish. However, the mainstream smart contract architecture still has room for improvement, such as the high transac- tion fee. When the IoT device needs high frequency interaction, both the expansion and the cost of the fee will be a problem. Therefore, this paper proposes a new smart contract architecture, which can be combined with IOTA. In addition to the detailed introduction, we will also explore its advantages and future prospects, and compare it with the two most mainstream smart contracts.