ERP功能規格對企業資源規劃系統（ERP）導入關鍵成功因素之研究

The Study of ERP Function Specification versus Critical Success Factors of Implementation of an Enterprise Resource Planning System

賀賢德(Hsien-Te Ho)

指導教授 ： 曹承礎

國立臺灣大學/管理學院/資訊管理學研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.10445

摘要

企業導入ERP的目的，在滿足企業e化的需求；企業e化的需求則具體呈現在企業實施e化的需求清單；為了具體呈現企業實施e化的需求清單，則應詳細描繪企業實施e化的功能規格。本研究擬採用先導性個案研究方法，對四家分別隸屬不同業種的個案公司的導入腳本，整理出“功能規格清單”的衡量深度，並歸納出該四家成功個案如何具體而微地描繪其企業的功能規格清單。由本研究個案觀察有三發現：
發現一:一份具體而微的企業功能規格清單配合ERP導入的其他關鍵成功因素，有助於凝聚焦點在企業需求與收斂需求上，直間接地幫助ERP導入的時程與預算管控上，使得ERP的導入成功機會增加。
發現二：四家企業均透過特定委員會或專案任務編組，囊括企業內該專業領域的員工搭配資訊人員所組成，由該組織共同研擬該企業所需的功能規格清單，藉以具體描繪該企業的e化需求。
發現三：四家企業在研擬該企業所需的功能規格清單時，有其共同的描述角度，可歸納成資訊流(資料邏輯的流向)、物流(實體物流)、帳流(會計分錄的流向)、表單流(內外表單的流向)、簽核流(核決權限的流向)、商業規範流(管理或防呆機制的流向)、第三方資料流(第三方系統的流向)、經營分析流(必要分析資訊的流向)。
擬將本研究觀察暨歸納之文件彙編，建議將企業所需的功能規格清單這項因素由隱涵的地位提升而加以看重，不應忽略，作為企業ERP導入關鍵成功因素研究的知識參考文件。

關鍵字

企業資源規劃 ； 資訊流 ； 功能規格

並列摘要

The purpose of ERP implementation for enterprise is to fulfill the demand of e-computerization. In practical, to identify your demand of e-computerization can realize your requirements of e-computerization. It is definitely important to illustrate your function specification of e-computerization in detail if you truly need to identify your demand of e-computerization. The method of the study intended to adopt proprietary case study method for the observations on their implementation script of four companies in different business type individually. The study tries to investigate how we can set a different angle for the evaluation on function specification. And consolidate the outcomes, how these four successful cases illustrate their own function specification as detail as possible. From the study, I have found three key points through my observations:

Point one: It is really helpful of the schedule and budget controlling on ERP implementation for enterprise to put enterprise constrained resources on business demand and business scope, if an enterprise constructs his ERP function specification associated to other critical successful factors of ERP implementation which many academic study has shown to us. Indirectly or directly, detail function specification can positively promote the percentage of successful ERP implementation.

Point two: These four companies build their own committee in project-based or mission-based. However the committee is in project-based or mission-based, the committee is constituted of senior employees who are working in operational field or IT field. The committee contributes its expertise to build function specification from business point of view to illustrate business demand, to fulfill it as well.

Point three: There is one common sense from these four cases through my observations and consolidation, while these four companies are implementing ERP applications. They treat their function specification from a few different analysis angles. Via consolidation of the study, there are eight dimensions to illustrate a function specification as below-mentioned. They are Information flow（logic data flow）, distribution flow（goods flow）, accounting flow（chart of account flow）, ticket flow（inbound ticket and outbound ticket）, business rule flow（business rule and business alert mechanism）, third party flow（interfaced data flow associated to third party appliactions or system）, business intelligence flow（operational analysis flow）.

The major intention of the study proposes is to promote function specification on the table from behind-the-scene and to treat function specification as a critical successful factor within ERP implementation without under-estimation. If possible, this study could be a kind of knowledge documentation for academic reference.

並列關鍵字

Enterprise Resource Planning ； Information Flow ； Function Specification

參考文獻

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