綠香蕉加工對香蕉產業影響的研究

香蕉曾經是台灣創造外匯來源的重要農作物，時至今日它仍然是主要的水果，但是台灣的香蕉產業在99％內銷的狀況下，供需常常在失衡的情況中變成社會新聞，自2007年到2018年間，共有四次大規模的去化收購情形。除了種植面積的管理規劃之外，研究者認為加強香蕉的加工產業，可以改善香蕉產業的結構，提升農民所得。本研究探討綠香蕉含抗性澱粉及香蕉皮含有的色胺酸具有機能特性和保健功能，用以加工製造成食品和保健商品，可以提升農產價值，並且延伸香蕉產業從鮮果的短時效性商品變成可上架、可長期保存的常態商品，進而達到改善香蕉產業的結果。研究採取質性深度訪談法進行，由15位相關產業人士提出綠香蕉加工對香蕉產業影響的評價與建議。研究發現，綠香蕉的採用，對於產地可產生調控作用，加工食品的推廣可達到香蕉產業多元化和食農教育的目的，保健食品的推廣可以提升香蕉的知覺價值和價格。因此建議食品業者以綠香蕉為原料是有說服力的好素材，以休閒食品推出可快速達到推廣的功能；以烘焙食品推出可將香蕉主食化；以機能保健品推出可讓台灣香蕉有機會重登世界舞台。並建請政府提列中長期計畫，從食農教育、香蕉烘焙比賽、綠香蕉創意商品競賽來深耕農產品的升級工作，以期台灣的香蕉產業能永續成長並新創出另一種產業相貌。

關鍵字

綠香蕉；抗性澱粉； RS2 ；色胺酸；快樂血清素；綠蕉麵；綠蕉粉

並列摘要

Bananas were once an important crop in Taiwan to generate a source of foreign exchange and they were still one of the main fruits to this day. However, with 99% of the banana being sold in the domestic market, the imbalance between supply and demand of it has often become social news. From 2007 to 2018, there were four large-scale acquisitions by the government. In addition to the management plan of the planting area, the researcher believes that strengthening the banana processing industry can improve the structure of the banana industry and increase farmers' income. This research aims at discussing the topic of green bananas containing resistant starch and banana peels containing tryptophan, and how such functional properties and health functions allow green bananas to be processed into food and health products, increasing the value of agricultural produce and transforming the short shelf life of fresh bananas into normal commodities that can be put on shelf and stored for a longer time, which in turn achieves the result of improving the whole banana industry. The research was conducted using qualitative in-depth interviews, and 15 relevant industry professionals were asked to evaluate and suggest the impact of green banana processing on the banana industry. The study has found that the adoption of green bananas can have a regulatory effect on the place of production, the promotion of processed foods can achieve the purpose of diversification of the banana industry and education of food agriculture, and the promotion of health foods can increase the perceived value and price of bananas. Therefore, it is recommended that food manufacturers use green bananas as raw materials to be a convincing and good material. The introduction of snack foods can quickly achieve the promotion function; the introduction of baked goods can make bananas a staple food; the introduction of functional health products can give Taiwan bananas a chance to re-emerge on the global stage. It is also recommended that the government puts forward a mid- and long-term plan to deepen the upgrading of agricultural products from food agriculture education, banana baking competitions, and green banana creative product competitions, in the hope that Taiwan's banana industry can continue to grow sustainably and create another industrial look.