Knowledge management is a maturing management tools. Its significant mentions in literature started from three decades ago, in 1970s. Knowledge management is repeatedly reported brings financial and competitive advantage. There are even awards (Most Admired Knowledge Enterprises or MAKE) given to best knowledge-based practice companies. Since we have evidenced the strong power of knowledge management from publications and reports, in this thesis, we are going to explore what knowledge management (KM) is from various researchers’ point of view and definition, what are key success factors (KSFs), what KSFs really determine the successful implementation of it. Moreover, we also studied the implementation reference models. This study of KM implementation reference models are accompanied with fruitful types of knowledge-management related resources. This thesis comprises two papers, each with different subtopic of KM. The first portion is about the classification of key success factors of knowledge management and knowledge sharing into MAKE Award’s criteria and what are the implications. The last portion portrays knowledge management implementation reference models from experts’ point of view.