辦公建築採綠建築策略之節能效益與ENVLOAD指標評估研究

Energy Conservation Analysis and Performance for ENVLOAD of Green Office Building

魏湘鈴(Hsiang-Ling Wei)

指導教授 ： 呂良正

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.03087

摘要

綠建築策略中採各種綠化建築外殼除可阻隔熱流的傳遞、增加外殼的熱質外，也藉由植物生理作用伴隨的熱能釋放幫助建築物散熱，其中以蒸散作用最為顯著，且植物可以削減進入建築外殼之太陽輻射，減少建築物壁面之受熱量進而降低室內溫度，為量化植栽射折減效果，本研究根據文獻之模型與公式撰寫程式，與實測植栽下方太陽輻射量進行比較、驗證，以供後續室內溫度或空調耗能模擬。
在全球耗用總能源中約有50%來自於建築物，其中日常耗能比例遠高於其他耗能，台灣因位於亞熱帶氣候，夏季建築物空調用電占全年總用電量40%，可見減少夏季空調用電為有效降低能源消耗、以達永續發展的重要對策，本研究主要探討綠建築策略在臺灣氣候下的實際除熱與建築空調節能效果，以較簡單卻具足夠準確性的空調負荷計算法(Radiant Time Series Method)取代繁複且受限於空調專業人員操作之腦動態解析程式，使一般使用者能在設計初期進行綠建築策略節能預估與初步效益分析參考。
在確定植物輻射折減模型與綠建築空調負荷模擬之合理及準確性後，本研究進一步針對我國建築節約能源技術規範中建築外殼耗能量指標ENVLOAD提出綠建築策略相關因子建議－植物輻射折減係數Kp、冷房淨長波輻射時IL，以鼓勵各類綠建築設計之採用，也增加ENVLOAD指標於綠建築之適用性，包括該指標推廣至建築全年空調耗能等應用。

關鍵字

綠建築 ； 植生牆 ； 植物輻射折減 ； 節能 ； 空調負荷 ； NVLOAD ； RTS(Radiant Time Series)

並列摘要

Constructing greening system on a building envelope can effectively retard the heat transfer process through the envelope and at the same time increase its thermal mass. Besides, the physiological effects of plants enhance the ability of heat release, which can help cooling the building. Especially, the heat dissipation of evapotranspiration process is the most significant. Moreover, plants can abate solar radiation that entering a building envelope and therefore reduce heat gain and drop indoor temperature. In order to quantify the effect of radiation transmission through plants, the theory and algorithms according to references have been written in MATLAB language then verified by solar radiation experiments. So that the model can be utilized to simulate indoor temperature or energy consumption.
Nearly half of world energy consumption is generated from buildings; and daily use occupied most of the proportion. In Taiwan, as located in subtropical climate, 40 percent of electric peak demand comes from power which is used for building air-conditioning in summer. Thus, reducing cooling electricity consumption in summer is considered the most important countermeasure for energy conservation and sustainable development. Therefore this research mainly discusses the improvement of thermal performance and energy saving when using greening system. We replaced the complicated dynamic analyze program which is limited to professional operation by a simple, robust cooling load calculation method named RTS(Radiant Time Series). Hence, users can be easier to predict the energy-saving efficiency and do benefit analysis at initial phase of design.
After affirming the expressions for radiation scattering in plants and cooling load simulation of green buildings are all justified, this study further recommends that ENVLOAD for office building should be revised by adding parameters－radiation transmission of plants (Kp) and net long-wave radiation (IL) to encourage designers to involve sustainable strategy in buildings. Consequently, the applicability of ENVLOAD will be improved and further applied to energy conservation benefit estimates.

並列關鍵字

Green Building ； Living Wall ； Radiation Transmission through plants ； Energy Conservation ； Cooling Load ； ENVLOAD ； RTS(Radiant Time Series)

參考文獻

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