含邊界柱之單層及多層樓鋼板混凝土複合牆系統之數值模擬研究

Numerical Modeling of Single- and Multi-Story Steel-Plate Composite Walls with Boundary Columns

陳韋銓(Wei-Chuan Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃尹男

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202203040

摘要

鋼板混凝土複合牆由兩面鋼面板(Faceplate)與內填混凝土(Infilled Concrete)組合而成，並透過焊接於鋼面板內側之剪力釘(Shear Stud)或橫向螺桿(Tie Bar)等剪力連接器做為傳遞剪力媒介，使鋼面板與內填混凝土間達到良好複合行為，以及避免鋼面板局部挫屈發生時機點早於降伏；橫向螺桿另一用途為連結兩面鋼面板，使其兩者不分離且保持穩定。鋼板混凝土複合牆有高側向勁度與高強度的特性，早期主要運用於核能電廠結構，近幾年則陸續被應用於超高樓層結構，然而，建立有限元素模型對實際應用上較不方便，業界主要使用ETABS、SAP2000等商用軟體進行結構分析，且台灣業界較常將剪力牆設計於梁柱框架內，因此含邊界柱鋼板混凝土複合牆之ETABS非線性模型建立方式待研究釐清，以透過較快速且準確的方式得知結構極限強度。
本研究主要分為以下幾個步驟:第一，建立六座含邊界構材之鋼板混凝土複合牆之有限元素模型，並將有限元素分析結果與試驗結果進行比較，確保有限元素模型能捕捉剪力主控之複合牆剪力行為。第二，進行含邊界柱之鋼板混凝土複合牆結構設計與建立有限元素模型，複合牆破壞模式有剪力主控與撓曲主控兩種情形，用於與ETABS模型進行比較，確保ETABS模型能預測兩種破壞模式下之極限強度。第三，由於高樓層結構之有限元素分析需要耗費龐大時間與運算資源，因此改為建立OpenSees纖維模型，作為與較高樓層數之ETABS模型比較之基準；此外，建立XTRACT纖維模型，用於輔助設定ETABS非線性鉸參數。第四，建立商用軟體ETABS模型，與有限元素模型以及OpenSees纖維模型之分析結果進行比較，並分別對設定ETABS線性模型以及可以模擬兩種破壞模式之ETABS非線性模型提出建議。

關鍵字

鋼板混凝土複合牆 ； 有限元素分析 ； OpenSees纖維模型 ； XTRACT纖維模型 ； ETABS模型

並列摘要

Steel-Plate Composite Walls (SC walls) are composed of two sheets of steel faceplates, and infill concrete. Composite behavior between two materials originated from the connectors, welded to the steel faceplates, such as shear studs and tie bars. Sufficient composite behavior can prevent the steel faceplates from local buckling before yielding in compression. In addition, cross-wall tie bars designed to connect the opposite steel faceplates provide structural integrity. Having high stiffness and strength, the SC walls were used in safety-related nuclear facilities at first. In recent years, they have been applied to super high-rise buildings. However, establishing detail finite element models is an expensive opsion for practical design of such a system. In Taiwan, construction industry mainly uses commercial software such as ETABS and SAP2000 for structural analysis, and shear walls systems is often adopted in a building together with special moment-resisting frames to resist seismic loadings. Therefore, it becomes important to correctly establish linear and nonlinear models of SC walls with beams and columns in ETABS, so that the design of such a system can be executed in a faster and more accurate way.
This research is conducted in the following steps: First, establish finite element models of the six Steel-Plate Composite Walls with boundary members in Hsieh (2020)using LS-DYNA, and compare the analysis results with the test results to validate that the LS-DYNA models are capable of capturing the hysteresis behavior of shear-critical composite walls. Second, design sample SC walls with boundary columns, and establish their finite element models. The finite element models, which including shear-critical and flexure-critical failure modes are used as benchmarks for the evaluation of ETABS models to ensure that the ETABS models can predict ultimate strengths for both types of failure modes. Third, since finite element analysis of high-rise building is highly time- and resource-consuming, twenty floors sample SC wall is modeled in OpenSees instead of LS-DYNA. Therefore, OpenSees fiber model is used as a benchmark for the evaluation of twenty floors ETABS model. In addition, in ETABS nonlinear models, there are many nonlinear hinge parameters need to be defined. In this research, using XTRACT dimensional analysis results to decide all related parameters. Fourth, model the sample SC walls in ETABS, and compare the results with those of the LS-DYNA models and the OpenSees fiber models. Finally, summarize the findings, limitations and develop-suggestions for the modeling of linear and nonlinear behavior of SC walls in ETABS.

並列關鍵字

Steel-plate composite wall ； finite element method ； OpenSees fiber model ； XTRACT model ； ETABS model

參考文獻

鄭與錚 (2016)。有邊界構材之鋼板混凝土複合牆之耐震行為與試驗研究。國立臺灣大學工學院土木工程學系碩士論文，臺北市。

ACI. (2014). "Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete." ACI 318-14, Farm-ington Hills, Michigan.

Agrawal, S., Broberg, M., Varma, A. H. (2020). "Seismic Design Coefficients for SpeedCore or Composite Plate Shear Walls - Concrete Filled (C-PSW/CF)." Bowen Laboratory Research Reports, Paper 1, Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University.

ANSI/AISC. (2016). "Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings." ANSI/AISC 341-16, Chicago, Illinoi.

ANSI/AISC. (2015). "Specification for Safety-Related Steel Structures for Nuclear Facil-ities." ANSI/AISC N690s1-15, Chicago, Illinois.