台灣地區任意汽車保險市場結構與經營績效之研究

A study on market structure and performance of voluntary automobile insurance in Taiwan

陳家芳(Chia-Fang Chen)

指導教授 ： 高棟梁

淡江大學/商學院/保險學系保險經營碩士班/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2008.00013

摘要

台灣地區任意汽車保險的市場佔有率向來最高，近五年來平均約在33%左右，如此高之占率，其經營成果為何勢必影響公司整體經營成果至巨。本研究旨在研究產險公司任意汽車保險之市場結構與其經營績效間之關係。
在市場結構方面，台灣任意汽車保險產業的市場結構有逐漸大型化、集團化的趨勢，大型企業的市場佔有率也逐年提升，市場集中度相對提高。在廠商行為方面，廠商的競爭行為有助於市場結構的改善，投資研發亦與績效有相互影響。
在個別公司方面，以10年個別公司獲利率(1997-2006年)研究其經營績效，其市場結構變數為市佔率、車險業務比重、保費成長率、強制險業務比率、員工人數、實收資本額、分支機構。顯著的變數有市佔率、車險業務比重、實收資本額及分公司機構數。
整體產業方面，本研究將運用20年資料獲利率(1987-2006年)來探討其經營績效，與市場結構相關的12個變數：賠款率(車體損失險、竊盜險、第三人責任險)、集中度、投保率(車體損失險、第三人責任險)、費率的調整(前年度、當年度)、自用小客車業務比率(保費、件數)、利率、經濟成長率。檢定結果顯著的變數有賠款率、集中度、前年度費率之調整及自用小客車投保率。

關鍵字

迴歸模型 ； 市場結構 ； 經營績效

並列摘要

The market share of voluntary auto insurance in Taiwan has always been the highest. The average rate is about 33 percent for the past five years. Such a high market share in terms of operating results is bound to vastly affect the company's overall operating results. The goals of this study are designed to explore the voluntary auto insurance market structure and the relationship between business performances of liability-insurance companies.
At the aspect of market structure under voluntary auto insurance industry in Taiwan is going to become larger and larger while the trend is consortium. The market share of large enterprises also increases year by year, so as the degree of market concentration. At the conduct of manufacturers, the competitive behavior of manufacturers will help improve the market structure, and the investment in research and development with the performance mutually influence.
The aspect of individual companies, which use profit ratio of within10 years (1997-2006), researches its performance. The variables of market structure are market share, the proportion of auto insurance business, growth rate of premium, the rate of compulsory automobile liability business, the number of employees, Capital, and branch. The significant variables are market share, the proportion of auto insurance business, Capital, and branch.
In whole industry, this study uses the profit ratio of 20 years’ data (1987-2006) to discuss its operating performance. There are 12 variables that relate to market structure: the rate of compensation (loss of vehicle insurance, theft insurance, third party liability Insurance), the concentration of insured rate (loss of vehicle insurance, third party liability insurance), the adjusting premium rate (previous year, current year), the ratio of passenger cars business
(premiums, insured number), interest rates, and economic growth rate. Findings the significant variables are the rate of compensation, concentration, the adjusting premium rate of previous year and the ratio of passenger cars business.

並列關鍵字

regression model ； market structures ； performance

參考文獻

7. 周宜慧，我國產險公司經營績效之研究，淡江大學保險學系保險經營

18. 廖盛振、張瑞玲(2006)，影響台灣地區產險業經營績效因素之研究-多

20. 劉美君，市場結構、行為、風險對廠商經營績效之影響－以台灣資訊

22. 謝允忠，消費者對任意汽車保險之購買決策與購買意願之研究，逢甲

1. Carroll, A. (1993), “Structure and Performance of the Private Workers’ Compensation Market”, The Journal of Risk and Insurance 60(2): 185-207.