當資源變成來源：主流媒體如何從網路製造新聞

How the Mass Media Make News from the Internet

林倩如(Chien Ju Lin)

指導教授 ： 魏玓

淡江大學/文學院/大眾傳播學系碩士班/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2007.00022

摘要

隨著網際網路的發展，網路空間不但提供了新聞記者報導的輔助資源，更逐漸成為報導的消息來源。近年來台灣發生多起主流媒體報導網路相關資訊而出錯的事件，除了一般閱聽眾不滿其新聞素質低落之外，許多網路使用者更對記者「上網跑新聞」的行為嚴厲批評。本文從傳播政治經濟學檢視此種特殊新聞報導實務之形成過程，其在報導上所產生之偏誤，以及與整體媒體環境和政治經濟結構的關係。本文亦訪問第一線新聞工作者，以瞭解他們對自身工作實務轉變，以及閱聽眾不滿的態度和詮釋。

研究發現，解嚴之後媒體環境快速市場化和商業化，過於激烈的競爭導致小報化以及違背新聞專業倫理的事件不斷上演。在此一脈絡下，記者利用網路言論具有衝突性、相對不受拘束的特徵，大量擷取網路訊息並操作成聳動的新聞事件。不過新聞工作者對於面對網路空間的匿名性與變動性，或未能如實查證，或查證困難，引發後續倫理問題。記者們本身並非完全不知問題所在，但是所屬媒體組織的壓力，相當程度上迫使記者持續此種報導實務。如今新聞記者與網路使用者對於網路相關新聞報導的認知仍有極大差距，要如何建立合理報導模式，有待媒體組織的改革，以及新聞媒體和網路世界雙方持續的互相瞭解和對話。

關鍵字

小報化 ； 新聞來源 ； 新聞實務 ； 專業意理 ； 網友 ； 網路新聞

並列摘要

The Internet has developed not only into a resource of supporting journalists in news coverage but also into a source of news agendas itself. In recent years, there have been increasing news reports of mass media based on the stories originated in the Web and many of them have been alleged fake or mistaken. In result, audiences have expressed their discontents with the worsen quality of the news reports and numerous on-line users criticized severely that the reporters are ‘lazy’ because they only seek news stories through the Web rather than into the real world. With the perspective of Political Economy of Communication, the research aims to examine that the processes the particular journalist practices being formed in Taiwan, what kind of biases and faults existing in the coverage produced by the practices, and what relationships they have with the media organizations and political and economic structures. The interviews of the journalists who have experiences in reporting news in interviews would react to all challenges about daily work and try to meet the balance between professional ideology and organizational power.
The research concludes that the mass media have been experiencing the processes of further marketization and commercialization during the post-martial-law era. The intensified market competitions have caused the tabloidization of mass media and the instances of violating professional norms increased. In such context, many journalists exploit the conflicting and relatively unrestrained features of the discourses in the cyberspace and manufacture them into sensational news reports. However, the stories originated from the Web are particularly difficult or even impossible to be verified and the derivative news reports therefore caused serious ethical problems. Most of journalists are not completely ignorant about the problems nevertheless they are forced by the organizational pressures to continue the reporting practices. The research discloses that there is a huge gap between how the newsworkers and on-line users conceive the news reporting of on-line stories and information. To achieve a reasonable and appropriate reporting pattern, we need on the one hand the reforms of mass media organizations themselves and the persistent dialogue and mutual understanding between the mass media and the cyberspace on the other.

並列關鍵字

tabloidization ； news source ； journalism ； professional ideologies ； the Internet user ； the news based on on-line information

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