垃圾焚化飛灰燒製高價值陶瓷濾膜技術改良及模廠試驗

Quality Elevation Study and Pilot Test of High Value Ceramic Filter Membrane Produced by Incinerator Fly Ash

周辰璟(Chen-Jing Chou)

指導教授 ： 高思懷

淡江大學/工學院/水資源及環境工程學系碩士班/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2020.00032

摘要

台灣垃圾多由焚化法處理，焚化後將產生大量飛灰與底渣，其中飛灰多以水泥固化後進入衛生掩埋場掩埋，每年大量的飛灰對於台灣掩埋場負擔相當吃重，為了改善其問題，將飛灰資源化勢必已成為未來趨勢。本研究團隊曾以乾壓法製作平板陶瓷濾膜，但乾壓法模具製作成本較高，且因粉料鋪填不平整、生坯結構穩定性不佳，導致燒結完的濾膜形變量過大而無法使用。
本研究嘗試澆鑄法以改善粉料鋪填不均問題並提升生產效率，首先調配粉料並加入50 wt.%解膠水，避免漿料過於黏稠凝結成水泥般的稠狀物;使用攪拌器以轉速600 rpm持續10分鐘使漿料更加均勻，再倒入石膏模具內利用石膏吸水的特性使漿料水分被石膏吸收，泥料則會累積於石膏模上形成坯體，待石膏將泥料表面水分吸乾即可拆模，放置於105 oC烘箱將坯體剩餘水分去除，再進行燒結。
研究結果顯示最佳燒結條件為850 oC持溫30 min。最佳之配比為玻璃、研磨灰、高嶺土、蛙目土、葉長石各20 %，其不僅有最高之清水過濾通量43 m3/m2/d，抗彎強度達6.9 MPa且體積變化率及燒失率僅為10 %左右。

關鍵字

垃圾焚化飛灰、機械化學研磨穩定、澆鑄成形、陶瓷濾膜

並列摘要

Most of the municipal solid waste is treated by incineration in Taiwan, while a large amount of ashes will be remained. The fly ash is mostly solidified by cement and then disposed by sanitary landfilling, it puts a heavy burden on landfills. In order to improve this problem, the recovery of fly ash will be the majority in the future.The research team used to apply the dry pressing method to make the green body of ceramic filter membrane, but the mold cost is expensive, the powder filling were difficult to make even, the structural of the green body were unstable, which induced the deformation of the sintered samples were too large usually.
In this study, the pouring method was replaced to overcome the problems and increase the production efficiency during the green body manufacturing. The blended powder was added 50 wt. % of anti-gelling agent, mixed by 600 rpm for 10 min by an agitator, then poured into a gypsum mold. The green body was formed after the moisture was absorbed, then placed in an oven at 105 o C to drying before sintering.
The results showed that, when the sintering temperature was 850 oC and hold for 30 min, the optimum raw additives for grind ash were glass, kaolin, gairome clay, castorite and mullite, and the ratio was 20% for each one. The sintered specimen has the highest pure water flux of 43 m3/m2/d, bending strength was 6.9 MPa, the volume deformation rate and ignition loss rate were only about 10%

並列關鍵字

Ceramic filter membrane、Municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash、pouring、Mechano-chemical milling.

參考文獻

黃彥為，2008，高能球磨飛灰內重金屬在高溫環境下穩定之研究，淡江大學水資源及環境工程學系碩士班學位論文。

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