- 學位論文
《易經》的象、數、模式—以河圖、洛書、八卦釋義
The symbol, mathematic and mode of “Yijing”—interpretation by Hetu, Luoshu and Bagua
摘要
《易經》卦辭、爻辭的來源是卜筮之辭，出於卜筮者之手，而占卜是遠古人類主要的心智活動，《易經》當中理當蘊含一套遠古中國的宇宙論〪其實，不分古今中外，人們對宇宙及自然總是不遺餘力展開哲學或科學的各種探索。古希臘時期的數學抽象與自然觀察是西方近代科學發展的兩大方法，而前者猶如「數」、後者則如「象」，《易經》卜筮系統的數與象，精神上也符合科學形成的兩大奠基〪 本文以《易經》的「象數」為研究方向，試析象與數當中的原始素材，參考杭辛齋《學易筆談》、牟宗三《周易的自然哲學與道德函義》、上野清《易学ソ研究》、李約瑟《中國之科學與文明》、陳榮灼〈周易重建與智測現象學〉等研究內容。從這些研究重視象數《易》學及河圖、洛書、八卦之原因、提示及問題意識， 本文試從數理開始進行探討。以河圖、洛書、八卦(本文指的是「後天八卦」)為主題，立本於經文，漢代《周易集解》等注經為主，爰引上古中國的考古發現及文化圖騰，旁及普世的現代科學知識、世界古文明脈絡等，以《易經》經文探討環繞人們周遭的環境，以及人們理解自然後開創出的文明。本文以數理本原、地球及生命、人類及文明的三大主題，力求客觀解讀《易經》的「數」與「象」、變易、不易、簡易的模式，以期能真正瞭解《易經》之廣大悉備〪
並列摘要
"From the book of changes", comments on Yao CI, Gua Ci is divination words out of the hand of fortuneteller, and divination is the major ancient human mind activities, the "book of changes" contain a set of ancient China cosmology. In fact, regardless of the ancient and modern times, people have always spared no less effort to explore the philosophy or science of the universe and nature. In ancient Greek mathematics abstract and natural observation are the two major methods for the development of western modern science, while the former is a "mathematic", the latter as "image or symbol", "book of changes" is the mathematical and divination system, the spirit is also in line with the two basics of scientific formation. This paper takes the "symbol and mathematic " of the Book of Changes as the research direction, tries to analyze the raw material in symbol and mathematics, and also taking reference of the "Xie yi bi tan (Writing about Xie Yi) " by Hang,xin-zhai, “The Natural Philosophy of Chou-i “ by Mou Tsung-san, “Study of Yi Xue” by Ueno Kiyoshi, Joseph Needham’s "Science and civilization in China", and Wing-Cheuk Chan’s "Reconstruction of I Ching and Mantic Phenomenology.” This paper tries to start with mathematical physics from the aforementioned scholars’ studies that they have taken efforts in studying the reasons, indications and problem awareness of symbol and mathematics from “Yijing” , Hetu, Luoshu and Bagua. With the theme of Hetu, Luoshu and Bagua (this article refers to the "acquired Bagua"), based and established in the text, the Han Dynasty "Zhou Yi set Solution" and other annotations, then tries to cite ancient Chinese archaeological discoveries and cultural totem, extending to the universal modern scientific knowledge, the world ancient civilization context, to "Book of Changes" scriptures around the people in the surrounding environment, and people understand the nature followed by the creation of civilization. This paper has based on the three themes of life, earth and the mathematical principle, and human civilization, to strive to objectively interpret the "book of changes", "mathematic" and "symbol", which is not easy to change, the simple mode, in order to truly understand the prepared and refined, cultivated "Book of Changes."