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  • 學位論文

美中互動下的亞太安全建構-從溫特(Alexander Wendt)建構主義解析

The Construction of Asia-Pacific Security Under U.S.-P.R.C. Interactions-from Alexander Wendt's Constructivism Perspective.

指導教授 : 翁明賢

摘要


能動者與結構的建構關係是溫特(Alexander Wendt)建構主義所關注的焦點,因為能動者塑造結構,結構也會建構能動者的行為模式;循此美國與中國在亞太地區的互動關係,相對地也會制約亞太國家的政策產出,建構出亞太安全的互動模式。因此,本文在論述上即先敘述建構主義的概念,以及認知與結構轉換的關係,並就此角度於各章節解析美中互動下的亞太安全建構。各章節的論述先以國際結構與亞太局勢做為分析的背景條件;其次,就美國與中國的亞太戰略和兩國的戰略互動做為研析兩國認知建構的文化模式,與結構認知之下所產生的身份與利益的改變因素;最後,文化建構所形塑的互應邏輯是否也會對亞太國家的外交互動與政策產出構成不同程度的影響,亦即俄羅斯、日本與台灣等國家外交政策的產出是否會受到上述文化結構的制約與限制。 研究發現亞太戰略結構因應美國不同時期的戰略認知而隨之調整,中國也因此在不同的時期分別與美國建立不同的文化建構,而不同的文化模式也重塑著美國、中國與亞太各國的安全建構關係,並且產生結構轉變的障礙,除非國際結構有新的觀念或因素產生,整體的文化建構也才會跟著轉變。文化建構的發展模式也由早期的霍布斯文化轉向洛克文化的無政府狀態發展,意味各國皆將國際規範內化到國家的互動關係之內,至使整體亞太安全建構呈現相對穩定之局勢。另外,亞太安全建構的關鍵因素也就在於如何處理台海局勢,妥善處理安保體制與台海局勢的發展也就成為美中兩國未來文化建構的重要課題。

並列摘要


The Alexander Wendt’s Constructivism is concerned about Agent and structure of the construction relationship, it’s because of “the Agent mold Structure, Structure can also construct the Agent’s behaviors”. From this viewpoint, in the Asia-Pacific area, interactive relationship between U.S. and China not only restricts to Asia-Pacific countries’ policy output relationally but also constructs out of model of Asia-Pacific Security. At the beginning of thesis, it explains the general idea of Constructivism, and the relationships between identify and structure change. Then the major concept is adopted to express Asia-Pacific Security construction under the interactions of U.S.-P.R.C. in following chapters. Second, researching what the identified constructional model about culture in the Asia-Pacific strategy and strategic interactions under U.S. and P.R.C. is; moreover finding out what the element of identity and interest shift is. Finally, in different levels, the interactive logic of culture construction whether influence Asia-Pacific countries diplomacy interaction and policies output or not, it means that these countries, includes of Russia, Japan and Taiwan might be restricted or limited by the model of culture construction on their diplomacy policy output. From the above ratiocination, the Asia-Pacific strategic structure seems be changed by the strategic identity in different periods; conditioned by the structure, China will follow the footstep of U.S. to establish distinct culture construction, and these cultures will re-mold the relationship of security construction between U.S., P.R.C. and Asia-Pacific countries. Finally, it possibly produces the obstructions to the structure conversion; the whole culture construction would not be changed unless the new ideas or elements emerge. From Hobbes’s culture to Locke’s, the culture construction growth means that interactive relationship would improve the integration of international regime. Maybe the trend will make the whole Asia-Pacific security construction relationally stable.On the other side, the key point of the Asia-Pacific security construction is how to handle Cross-Strait question. On the other hand, how to properly handle U.S.-Japan Defense System and Cross-Strait question will be the main subject to the U.S. and P.R.C. culture construction.

參考文獻


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