非營利組織轉型社會企業要素分析－以台灣琴會為例

The Elements of Nonprofit Organization Transformate to Social Enterprise－An Analysis of Taiwan GuQin Society

蘇玉鵬(Yu-Peng Su)

指導教授 ： 黃曼琴

淡江大學/商管學院/企業管理學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2016.00206

摘要

組織是在轉型社會企業的過程中，面臨組織、人力、行銷、文化、環境等相關營運問題的挑戰，如何成功轉型永續經營成為非營利組織轉型社會企業的主要課題之一。

本研究主要以「台灣琴會」作為個案探討，以深入訪談、資料的蒐集，加上親自參與會務活動，並輔以文獻分析，整理出非營利組織轉型社會企業營運的要素，藉由分析，探討琴會在轉型發展之間的重要關係。藉由上述之研究分析、整理探討後發現，非營利組織轉型社會企業的營運要素，包括：組織架構、人力資源、行銷活動三大營運要素。而這三大營運要素對於琴會在非營利組織轉型社會企業的營運關係，皆是重要影響因素。另外，本研究亦發現，健全琴會的組織架構、藉由人力資源的妥善運用，並透過行銷活動的營運模式，是琴會發展的重要營運模式，當然隨組織不同的發展階段，其互相作用與影響亦會有所不同。

最後，本研究經過文獻分析及研究探討後發現台灣琴會轉型為社會企業的重要類型及先後順序依次為(1)組織變革、(2)行銷活動、(3)策略聯盟、(4)志工招募。據此研究提出評估與框架，益於組織經營者，改善其營運模式及檢視營運效益，並藉由本研究對非營利組織有意朝向社會企業轉型的團體，提出一些管理實務上的因應參考模式。

關鍵字

非營利組織 ； 社會企業

並列摘要

Organizations usually face challenges regarding human resources, marketing, culture, environment, operations, and so on in the process of transforming into social enterprises. Developing a sustainable development model during the process of the social enterprise transformation, therefore, has become a crucial topic for non-profit organizations.

This research is to use “Taiwan GuQin Society” as a case study to analyze the key elements of the transformation process by various methods such as depth interview, field data collection, attending physical activities personally hosted by the organizations and bibliography and to discuss the relationship between the organization itself and the transforming process. By adopting the above methods, this research identifies three major components for a successful nonprofit-to-social-enterprise transformation: organizational structure in management, human resources and marketing. These three factors play important roles in the nonprofit-to-social-enterprise transformation process for Taiwan GuQin Society. In addition, this research also finds that a solid organization structure in management by leveraging proper human resources and marketing activities greatly helps Taiwan GuQin Society grow tremendously. The interrelationships and the impacts, however, may vary in each developing phase according to the structure of different organizations.

Last but not least, per case study of Taiwan GuQin Society, this research suggests the organization prioritize the factors in the following order: (1) Organization Transformation, (2) Marketing Activities, (3) Strategic Alliance, (4) Volunteers Recruitment. This research also provides evaluations, frameworks and references for the owners of the organizations to improve the operating models and operating efficiency to assist nonprofit organizations to better manage their businesses.

並列關鍵字

Nonprofit Organizations ； Social Enterprise

參考文獻

司徒達賢（1997）。策略管理。台北：遠流。

司徒達賢（1999）。非營利組織的經營管理。台北：天下遠見。

許士軍（1990）。管理學。台北：東華。

陳澤義（1992）。何謂非營利組織？。經濟前瞻，28，179-180。

陸宛蘋（1999）。非營利組織之定義與角色。社區發展季刊。