中美戰略互動下中國海洋安全戰略及其對西太平洋區域安全影響之研究（2012-2020）

本論文運用建構主義身分決定利益的概念與命題著手，分析美中在國際間互動過程形成不同類型無政府文化，並且基於不同無政府文化建構中美不同身分關係。因此，本論文從不同「身分」角度切入分析美中戰略互動下，中國海洋安全戰略包括：「軍民融合」政策達成政經一體化聯合機制，採取「灰色地帶」戰略南沙島礁填沙設施建設、海警船艦與海上民兵執行島嶼維權、籌建海外基地；海軍艦艇派赴亞丁灣打擊海盜護航任務，維護海上交通線安全，促進聯結非、歐與中東各區域「一帶一路」倡議開發的經濟建設，維護海洋安全利益。再從此海洋安全戰略角度分析對於西太平洋區域安全的影響。經過緒論及各章針對習近平擔任總書記兩任期期間因應美國因素的影響，對於中國海洋安全戰略與五個命題研究分析，可以進一步說明本論文分析架構的適用性。未來研究可從理論運用與國際法、兩岸關係、非傳統安全與航母作戰等領域，持續深化探討中國海洋安全戰略的研究。本論文政策建議，包括制定台灣所需的海洋安全戰略與建構對海上嚇阻的軍事能力等兩項，期能抵制中國「以商圍政」戰略的動機，重建台灣從海洋經濟發展，體認台灣在西太平洋可控制戰略制高點的位置，將東部地區配置面攻船飛彈，強化地形與資源設施戰場的經營，抵制中共航母戰術運用的威脅。

關鍵字

海洋安全戰略；海洋安全政策；海上絲綢之路；南海；東海；海外基地

並列摘要

This paper uses the concept and proposition of constructivism that identities determine interests, analyzes the formation of different types of anarchic cultures in the process of international interaction between the United States and China, and constructs different identities between China and the United States based on different anarchic cultures. Therefore, this paper analyzes the US-China strategic interaction from the perspective of different "identities". We can see that China's maritime security strategy includes: a "military-civilian integration" policy to achieve a joint mechanism for political and economic integration, to adopt the "gray zone" strategy for the construction of sand to fill facilities on Nansha islands and reefs, dispatch Coast Guard ships and maritime militia to enforce island rights and prepare for the establishment of overseas bases. So Chinese navy has the ability to dispatch to the Gulf of Aden to combat pirates and escort missions, maintain the safety of sea lines of communication, and promote the economic development of the Belt and Road Initiative linking Africa, Europe, and the Middle East, etc., in order to safeguard the interests of maritime security. Then this paper analyzes the impact on the security of the Western Pacific from the perspective of maritime security strategy. After the introduction and each chapter, the research and analysis of China's maritime security strategy and five propositions can further illustrate the applicability of the analysis framework of this paper. Future research can continue to deepen the research on China's maritime security strategy from the fields of theoretical application and international law, cross-strait relations, non-traditional security, and aircraft carrier operations. The policy recommendations of this paper, including the formulation of Taiwan's required maritime security strategy and the construction of military capabilities to deter maritime deterrence, are expected to resist China's motives of "encirclement with business" strategy, rebuild Taiwan's maritime economic development, and realize Taiwan can control the position of the strategic commanding heights in the Western Pacific, deploy surface attack missiles in the eastern region, strengthen the operation of terrain and resource facilities on the battlefield, and resist the threat of the tactical use of the Chinese aircraft carrier.