木薯酒精燃料之程序合成與設計

Ethanol Fuel from Cassava: a Process Synthesis and Design

簡士傑(Shih-Chieh Chien)

指導教授 ： 陳錫仁

淡江大學/工學院/化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2013.00216

摘要

本論文之內容主要進行木薯製造生質酒精之化工程序合成與設計，以年產量三萬公噸、純度達99.5 wt% 之酒精燃料為設計目標。以木薯為原物料，經過液化、醣化與發酵作用產生粗製酒精，之後進行濃縮、純化以達到無水酒精純度與產量要求。文中考慮兩種無水酒精純化的方法：第一種為共沸蒸餾，採用苯為共沸劑；第二種為滲透蒸發，使用親水性薄膜，將酒精與水分離。其次，針對滲透蒸發整體製程進行熱能整合，探討其節能減碳之成效。最後，進行生質酒精製程之經濟評估，吾人發現，共沸蒸餾整體製程之年製造成本、生質酒精每公升之製造成本以及化石能源比分別為US$27.0×106、US$0.68與0.74；滲透蒸發整體製程在熱能整合後之年製造成本、生質酒精每公升之製造成本以及化石能源比分別為US$23.6×106、US$0.59與1.5。
本論文研究主要應用“Aspen Plus”、“Aspen Custom Modeler”(ACM) 與“SuperTarget”三套化工程序軟體；前兩者用於程序合成與設計，後者則用於狹點分析及換熱器網路合成。

關鍵字

生質酒精 ； 程序合成與設計 ； 共沸蒸餾 ； 滲透蒸發 ； 經濟評估 ； 木薯

並列摘要

In this thesis, we have presented a chemical process synthesis and design for the production of bioethanol from cassava. The study aims to simulate a plant capacity of 30,000 metric tons per year of 99.9 wt% purity of ethanol fuel. Starting with cassava as the raw material, we use the liquefaction, saccharification, and fermentation process to accomplish the making of crude ethanol; then, we employ purification process to achieve the dehydrated ethanol production with a 99.5 wt% purity and the yield we desired. There are two kinds of purification process we use to separate ethanol and water. The first is azeotropic distillation process with benzene as the entrainer; the second is pervaporation process with the hydrophilic membrane. Then, we have carried out a heat integration for the cassava-to-ethanol combining pervaporation process. Ultimately, as seen from the economic analysis, we found that the yearly cost of manufacture, cost of bioethanol per liter, and fossil energy ratio (FER) are US$27.0×106, US$0.68, and 0.74, respectively, in the cassava-to-ethanol with azeotropic distillation process; and US$23.6×106, US$0.59, and 1.5 in the cassava-to-ethanol with pervaporation process after heat integration .
Three kinds of software are utilized in the research—Aspen Plus, Aspen Custom Modeler (ACM), and SuperTarget. The first and second are applied to implement the process synthesis and design; the third is applied to perform the pinch analysis and the synthesis of heat exchanger network.

並列關鍵字

Bioethanol ； Process Synthesis and Design ； Azeotropic Distillation ； Pervaporation ； Economic Evaluation ； Cassva

參考文獻

【1】陳文恆、郭家倫、黃文松、王嘉寶，纖維酒精技術之發展，農業生技產業季刊，第9期，第62-69頁 (2007)。

【18】王銘忠，化工製程模擬之熱力學模式，化工，第58卷，第3期，第70-84頁 (2011)。

【4】Amutha, R. and P. Gunasekaran, “Production of Ethanol from Liquefied Cassava Starch using Co-Immobilized Cells of Zymomonas Mobilis and Saccharomyces Diastaticus,” J. Biosci. Bioeng., 92, 560-564 (2001).

【6】Jeong, J. S., H. Jeon, K. M. Ko, B. Chung and G. W. Choi, “Production of Anhydrous Ethanol using various PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) Processes in Pilot Plant,” Renewable Energy, 42, 41-45 (2012).

【7】林承澤，工業酒精與生質酒精之製造暨其純化：化工程序合成與設計，碩士論文，淡江大學，臺北 (2010)。