聚丙烯/玉米澱粉崩解性複合材料之製備及性質之研究

A Study on the Preparation and Properties of the Polypropylene/Corn Starch Destructible Polymer Composites

林育新(Yu- Hsin Lin)

指導教授 ： 林國賡

淡江大學/工學院/化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2008.00182

摘要

本研究主要以聚丙烯(PP)與玉米澱粉之熔融混煉製成崩解性複合材料。以添加不同接枝率之馬來酸酐相容劑(PP-g-MA或PB3200)及改質澱粉於PP基材中，進行各種性質分析。極性澱粉與非極性PP可由SEM、TGA及DSC觀察兩者不相容之情形。且隨著澱粉增加，因為嚴重相分離及低分子量之相容劑添加過量，使得機械性質下降。
未添加相容劑之複材與摻混0.5phr PP-g-MA之複材中，仍有大顆粒玉米澱粉存在，其餘配方經混煉過程之強大剪切力，及相容劑附著，撕裂成細碎小顆粒。
藉由FTIR可發現相容劑與澱粉(未糊化)之羥基(-OH)並無化學接枝反應，而是以物理作用力(Van der Waal force或hydrogen bonding)提升複材之相容性及機械性質。流變性質測試中，可發現複材之儲存模數(G´)，會隨著添加相容劑之相容作用而上升。由動態機械與拉伸測試分析結果，發現相容劑PB3200添加5phr是不足的，而PP-g-MA最佳值為1phr。且由於相容劑接枝率及其分子量上的差異，本研究發現添加相容劑PB3200複材之機械性質較添加相容劑PP-g-MA略差。

關鍵字

聚丙烯 ； 澱粉 ； 崩解性複合材料 ； 糊化 ； 馬來酸酐 ； 熔融混煉 ； 流變性質

並列摘要

In this study, we aim at blending polypropylene/corn starch by melt-
mixing to manufacture destructible polymer composites. We compounded
polypropylene with various concentrations of compatiblizer and modified corn starch by a Brabender mixer. Then, the different properties of destructible polymer composites were analyzed.
The high levels of immiscibility in the polar-nonpolar corn starch-PP system were shown by SEM, DSC, and TGA. Serious phase separation and/or excess compatiblizer added may cause bad mechanical properties. The results of SEM showed that polymer composites with compatiblizers added below 0.5 phr had great starch granules. Moreover, the corn starch might be cut to small bits by great shear stress and adherent compatiblizers during melt-mixing process, if the content of compatibilizer was over 0.5 phr. The FTIR spectra showed that maleic anhydride groups had no chemical graft reaction with the hydroxyl groups in the unmodified corn starch.
Appropriate amount of compatibilizer added may cause an improvement for the mechanical properties of polymer composites, due to the physical intermolecular force (Van der Waal force or hydrogen bonding) between the maleic anhydride and corn starch. The results of rheological analysis showed that the storage modulus went up because of the compatibilizing effect.
We could observe that the amount of PB3200 added up to 5 phr is insufficient to improve the mechanical properties of polymer composites. The suitable concentration of compatiblizer (PP-g-MA) was 1phr. We concluded in this study, based on the different grafting ratios and molecular weight that the mechanical properties of polymer composites with PB3200 were lower than with PP-g-MA .

並列關鍵字

Polypropylene ； Corn starch ； Destructible Polymer Composites ； Maleic anhydride ； Melt mixing ； Rheology

參考文獻

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