兩岸新聞採訪交流之研究(1987-2009)－從駐點記者角度看兩岸新聞交流

Study of Cross-Strait News Reporting (1987 ~ 2009) –From the Cross-Strait Station Point Reporter’s point of view

陳愷璜(Kai-Huang Chen)

指導教授 ： 張五岳

淡江大學/國際研究學院/中國大陸研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2011.00347

摘要

論文提要內容：
兩岸新聞交流始自1987年9月11日台灣自立晚報記者李永得與徐璐赴中國大陸採訪，至今已超過20年，自2001年2月8日中國大陸新華社首批駐點記者范麗青、郭偉峰來台採訪，真正開啟兩岸新聞記者常態性至對岸駐點進行採訪報導，亦已經過9年，而在2008年6月開放地方媒體來台駐點後，截至2010年10月，已陸續開放福建東南衛視、福建日報社、廈門衛視及湖南電視台及深圳報業集團等地方媒體來台駐點。在20多年的新聞交流過程中，雖偶遇因政治因素影響而時有增減，但整體來看，兩岸無論是學術界或是實務界皆多致力於更為開放、頻繁之互動，期能透過新聞媒體，讓對岸民眾更瞭解彼此的生活與發展而努力。
本研究進行期間，時逢新聞交流開放20年之際，及政府開放中國大陸地方級媒體來台駐點採訪，因此研究者企圖透過文獻分析與深度訪談方式，以駐點記者的角度出發，回顧兩岸新聞互動交流的歷程，以及不同媒體、駐點資歷之記者對於兩岸新聞呈現及新聞交流發展之看法與期待。
研究發現，就兩岸新聞交流發展層面來看，兩岸新聞交流及駐點記者政策開放，有助雙方瞭解彼此，且兩岸記者皆期許未來可以邁向新聞「第四通」，雙方可以採取正面心態、輔導方式、研擬階段性開放政策，積極面對兩岸新聞傳播交流。
從兩岸新聞報導呈現情形來看，研究者發現，不同報業體制形成不同的「主要」守門者和議題設定者，而中國大陸的新聞報導呈現，依其不同媒體屬性與定位逐步展現其特性，但新聞框架並未消除，轉而以更為幽微方式呈現。
綜上所述，研究者建議各界（包含政府單位、媒體界或學術界）能規劃長期之實務與研究駐點參與，期能深入觀察兩岸新聞工作者與新聞產業之面貌，以豐富相關研究及實務互動經驗之累積。
關鍵字：駐點記者、兩岸新聞、新聞交流、台灣新聞制度、中共新聞制度

關鍵字

駐點記者 ； 兩岸新聞 ； 新聞交流 ； 台灣新聞制度 ； 中共新聞制度

並列摘要

Abstract:
It has been over 20 years since the first cross-strait news exchange taking place on 11th September 1987 when Li Young-de and Xu Lu, the journalist of Taiwan Independence Evening News, went to China for news coverage. And it has been 9 years since the first mainland Chinese correspondents of Xinhua News Agency, Fan Li-qing and Guo Wei-fong came to Taiwan for news gathering on 8th February 2001, which was said to be the official cross-strait news local correspondents in both sides for news covering on a regular basis. Up to October 2010, local media such as Fujian Southeast Satellite TV, Fujian Daily Group, Xiamen Star Satellite TV, Hunan Television, Shenzhen Press Group and etc. have been allowed to come to Taiwan one after another since June 2008 when local media was permitted to gather news in Taiwan. Over the 20 years of news exchanges, cross-strait exchanges in academic or practical aspects have been more open and frequently despite some levels of exchange reduction due to political issues. It is to expect that cross-straits residents are able to further understand the life and development of each other and through the news media.
While the study was conducted, it happened to be the 20th year since the first news exchange and the opening up of Mainland Chinese local media in Taiwan for news gathering, the researcher aims to review the history of cross-strait news exchanges from the perspective of local correspondents through literature analysis and in depth interview and show the opinions and expectations on cross-strait news coverage and exchange development from different media and experienced local correspondents’ points of view.
Look at the level of cross-strait news exchange development based on the study result, it can be seen that cross-strait news exchange and the lift of cross-strait local correspondents are beneficial to mutual understanding. In addition, cross-strait journalists are expecting that in the future “the Forth Link” of news could be carried out and the both sides actively deal with cross-strait news exchanges with positive attitude, assistance program and interim opening up policy.
According to present cross-strait news coverage, it has been found that different news systems result in different “main” gatekeepers and agenda settings. The way the coverage presented in Mainland China has shown its specialty gradually in the light of different media attributes and orientations without breaking news framework but in a more subtle manner instead.
In conclusion, the researcher suggests that all circles (including government, media and academics,) make plans for long-term practical and academic site participation in the hope of carrying out in depth observation on cross-strait journalists and the outlook of cross-strait news industries to enrich relevant studies and accumulate practical exchange experiences.
Key words: local correspondent, cross-strait news, news exchanges, the news system of Taiwan, the news system of China.

並列關鍵字

Stagnation point reporter ； cross‐strait news exchange ； news exchang ； Taiwan news system ； Chinese Communist Party news system

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