中美新型大國關係之研究-建構主義身份角度

Analysis of U.S-China new model of relationship : From the identity of Constructivist Perspective

曹恩瑋(En-Wei Tsao)

指導教授 ： 翁明賢

淡江大學/國際研究學院/國際事務與戰略研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2015.00293

摘要

中美關係這個現今國際上最重要的雙邊關係，自建交以來一直都在因應國際局勢的不同而持續在調整，也使得國際傳統的理論無法完整有效的解釋及預測雙方未來的發展方向。
進入21世紀後，中國的崛起讓中美關係起了變化。由於美國一心取回世界領導者的地位，面對中國的挑戰，美國究應以什麼樣的態度與作為來因應，確實是值得關注的一件事。有別於新現實主義與新自由主義係以權力結構及不同利益為分析基礎，建構主義的分析基礎則是強調觀念影響身分、身分決定利益與國際無政府文化，它提供的是另一種不同的思維。
藉由溫特的建構主義理論，本論文擬透過中、美雙方國家戰略的轉變，各時期所呈現不同的無政府文化與互動模式來進行分析與歸納，並針對不同的文化、各時期的國家身分、國家利益之間的關聯性，如何影響國家政策的產生與制定，來建構較清晰的中、美關係互動架構。
再者，本論文希望透過建構主義理論，分析美國自歐巴馬上台後，藉由逐步調整國家戰略，將發展重心移回亞太，執行「再平衡」戰略，並面對中國影響力與日俱增及提議構建「中美新型大國關係」議題時，中國應對的作法為何?研究者擬透過雙方在國際間的互動過程及相關資料來進行分析與檢證，找出中、美關係未來發展的新方向。

關鍵字

建構主義 ； 再平衡戰略 ； 新型大國關係

並列摘要

Sino-US relations are the most dominant bilateral relations in this modern world. From the very moment did these two countries build the ties, bilateral relations have been adjusted along the line of changes of international situation, of which traditional international relations theory can hardly, effectively and thoroughly interpret and predict how far does these relations may go in the future.
When moving into the 21st century, the emergence of China has made great changes in the Sino-US relations. Confronting with challenges from China, the US has been trying hard to win back the positions of being the leader of the world, but what types of attitude and move then the US shall take become a great concern. Different from the neo-realism and neo-liberalism, of which the foundation of analysis of international relations are based separately on the construction of power and interest differentials; however, the constructivism theory is somewhat different, of which focused mainly on the assumption that concept determines identities, and identities determine interests and non-governmental culture, and thus provides us with a different way of thinking.
This thesis, based on Alexander Wendt’s constructivism theory, tries to provide an analysis with induction through the shifts of bilateral national strategies, different non-governmental cultures and interaction modes. In the mean time, by targeting different cultures, connections between national identities and interests in various time periods, and how nations’ policies being influenced and made, the research tries to build further an interactive framework of Sino-US relations.
Furthermore, based on constructivism theory, this thesis tries to make clear the fact that after US President Obama’s taking office, the US has consecutively been adjusting its national policy－moving the focus back to Asia Pacific with a ‘rebalancing strategy’, and when facing China’s greater influence in this area, and the issues that brought up – “New model of relationship between Sino-US”, what and how China will respond to it? The researcher, through the analysis of interactive process internationally and relevant data and information, wishes to examine and find out if there’s a new path for future Sino-US relations development.

並列關鍵字

Social Constructivist ； Rebalancing Strategy ； U.S-China new model of relationship

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