集體安全條約組織的功能演變—從歷史制度論探討

「集體安全條約組織」是前蘇聯國家為應對周邊地區的安全威脅建立的區域安全合作組織。本文想藉由俄羅斯參與並領導的集體安全條約組織其功能演變的發展，分析有哪些內外因素影響俄羅斯及集安組織會員國的合作模式，並了解集體安全條約組織如何維護區域和平。本文研究歷史制度論，以四個關鍵時刻：蘇聯解體後組織建立的背景、九一一事件後美國為進行反恐行動而進入中亞地區而促使組織的形成、美國為進行民主輸出引發的顏色革命使組織強化軍事力量，以及阿拉伯之春後帶來的新型資訊科技安全威脅，探討集體安全條約組織的制度與功能上有何變遷。作者認為這四個時間點能清楚地說明集安組織的功能從剛組建時的成效不彰，到受到西方外來壓力而開始積極運作，以及後來因非傳統安全威脅，進而發展成多功能的組織的演變進程。

關鍵字

集體安全條約組織；俄羅斯；獨立國協；集體安全；區域安全合作

並列摘要

The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) was established as a regional security cooperation organization in Post-Soviet states in response to security threats in surrounding areas. This thesis will analyze internal and external factors affecting the cooperation of Russia and the other member states of CSTO and find out how this security system protect safeguard regional peace. This thesis makes a study of functional evolution of CSTO from the Historical Institutionalism by four critical junctures: The collapse of the Soviet Union as the background of organization; Combating terrorism in Central Asia by the United States after the September 11attacks (911) as the spur of organization; color revolutions made CSTO strengthen military forces and Arab Spring brought the new cyber security threat. In the author’s opinion, these four moments clearly demonstrate that the function of CSTO has evolved from the ineffectiveness of the initial establishment to the active operation due to external pressure from the West, and subsequent development of a multi-functional organization due to the threat of non-traditional security.