營建業碳排放估算與管控系統開發

Development of Carbon Emission Estimation and Control System for Construction Industry

鄭曜東(Yao-Tung Cheng)

指導教授 ： 蔡明修

共同指導教授 ： 葉怡成(I-Cheng Yeh)

淡江大學/工學院/土木工程學系碩士班/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2022.00323

摘要

面對溫室效應氣候變遷之衝擊，節能減碳成為了世界各國都密切關注的議題，各國皆積極推動各項減碳政策及措施。研究指出營建業建材生產和興建過程的排碳量佔全球碳排的11%，而建築使用階段更高達28%，由此可見營建產業對環境的衝擊不容小覷，並且建築生命週期中碳排放量有相當大的改善空間。近年來也有許多碳排放相關的法規訂定，將會對各產業的產品碳足跡立下更詳細的規範，政府也正在規劃課徵碳稅或是碳交易等政策。綜言之，不論從政策規定、產業趨勢又或從環保的角度，營建產業都必須正
視碳排放的問題。
建築工程之施工流程中涵蓋了多項工作項目，例如：工程估價、成本管控、進度管理、施工進度日報、工程施工改善、工程進度估驗計價等，可以分別從成本、進度與品質三個角度切入，對營建業來說，成本之管控便是最首要的管理項目。一般來說，當營造廠決定投標後，必須針對標單上之工項進行數量粗算及工料單價分析後產出預算表、詳細表、單價分析表等表單。其表單內容為：工作項目、計量單位、數量、單
價與複價等。因為可以詳細統整設計階段之預算建材數量與單價的特性，若將碳排放估算加入，便可以統整出碳排放量，以提供管理者檢視設計階段之碳排放之設計量。並且可以利用施工日報之每日完成之工項紀錄進行碳排放之管控，藉由估算每日之實際碳排放量並與預算碳排放量比較其差別，利用實獲值分析各工項與專案整體之碳排放績效是否為優良，並可以針對各工項進行細項之碳排放績效探討，將碳排放進行有效地管控，以減少對環境地衝擊與法規的限制，並且降低所需要繳納之碳稅、費等支
出，落實友愛環境與節省支出之實。
本研究系統前端使用Visual Studio Code 做為系統開發之撰寫編輯器，並且利用 VUE 網頁應用框架進行開發，使用Node.js 作為伺服器執行環境，資料庫則是使用Mongo DB。

關鍵字

碳排放計算 ； PCCES ； 碳排放資料庫 ； 成本管控作業

並列摘要

In the face of the impact of the greenhouse effect and climate change, energy conservation and carbon reduction have become a topic of close attention around
the world, and all countries are actively promoting various carbon reduction
policies and measures. The study pointed out that the carbon emission in the
construction and building materials production and construction process accounts
for 11% of the global carbon emission, and the building use stage is as high as
28%. It can be seen that the impact of the construction industry on the environment
cannot be underestimated, and the carbon emission in the building life cycle can
not be underestimated. There is considerable room for improvement. In recent
years, there have been many regulations related to carbon emissions, which will
set more detailed specifications for the carbon footprint of products in various
industries. The government is also planning policies such as carbon tax or carbon
trading. In conclusion, the construction industry must face up to the issue of
carbon emissions, no matter from the perspective of policy regulations, industry
trends or environmental protection.
The construction process of a construction project covers a number of work
items, such as: project evaluation, cost control, progress management,
construction progress report, project construction improvement, project progress
estimation, inspection and valuation, etc., which can be divided into three
perspectives of cost, progress and quality. For the construction industry, cost
control is the most important management item. Generally speaking, when a
construction plant decides to bid, it must make a rough calculation of the
quantity of the work items on the bid list and analyze the unit price of the
quantity and material, and then produce forms such as a budget table, a detailed
table, and a unit price analysis table. The contents of the form are: work item,
unit of measure, quantity, unit price and double price, etc. Because the
characteristics of the quantity and unit price of the budgeted building materials
in the design stage can be integrated in detail, if the carbon emission estimate
is added, the carbon emission amount can be integrated to provide managers with
the design amount of carbon emission in the design stage. In addition, the daily
completed project records in the construction daily report can be used to control
carbon emissions. By estimating the daily actual carbon emissions and comparing
the difference with the budget carbon emissions, the actual value can be used to
analyze each project and the overall project. Whether the carbon emission
performance is good, and can conduct detailed carbon emission performance
discussion for each project, and effectively control carbon emissions to reduce
environmental impact and regulatory restrictions, and reduce the carbon tax that
needs to be paid , expenses and other expenses, to implement the reality of
friendly environment and cost savings.
The front end of the research system uses Visual Studio Code as the writing
editor for system development, uses the VUE web application framework for
development, uses Node.js as the server execution environment, and uses Mongo
DB as the database.

並列關鍵字

Carbon emission calculation ； PCCES ； carbon emission database ； cost control work

參考文獻

Kim,Y.W. Ballard,G.(2002).Earned value method and customer earned value.Journal of Construction Research,3(01),55-66.

Sharon,A.,de Weck,O.L., Dori,D.(2011).Project management vs.systems engineering management:A practitioners’view on integrating the project and product domains.Systems Engineering,14(4),427-440.

陳啟明等人.(2013).應用公共工程經費電腦估價系統(PCCES)架構估算工程二氧化碳排放量委託研究案成果報告.行政院公共工程委員會委託研究.

楊詩弘.(2020).建築產業碳足跡服務平台之建置與發展研究.內政部建築研究所委託研究成果報告

連育輝.(2019).從企業成長動態與總體經濟發展觀點進行企業碳排放時間序列分析.碩士論文.國防大學運籌管理系碩士班.