法國青少年失業問題及政府對策之研究(2008-2014)

Policy on Teenagers’ Unemployment/Employment in France.

林郁卿(Yu-Ching Lin)

指導教授 ： 李大中

淡江大學/國際研究學院/國際事務與戰略研究所碩士班/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2017.00439

摘要

全球經濟籠罩著不景氣，法國就業狀況越來越低瀰，尤其是肩負著國家重責大任的年輕人，失業率卻比其他群體甚劇，造成社會莫大的隱憂；同時，一個社會倘若無法提供年輕人機會，也將導致人力資源的浪費，影響一國的經濟建設和社會發展步伐。正值工作年齡的年輕人不再積極找工作，自動退出亦或是遭到勞動市場排除。

在法國，社會保障制度向何處去，一直是公共政策探討的焦點。對法國來說，積極的勞動市場為另一個新的途徑，由過去消極的失業救助邁向積極的就業政策轉變，將失業保險制度與職業訓練機構更緊密連結在一起，逐漸由福利的提供轉向就業的提供，使青少年能快速地重返就業市場，免於被社會排除。

以長久深受失業所苦的法國為探討，藉以釐清造成青少年失業問題的可能面向。對此，法國政府該如何挽救國內青年的失業現象，以期能有效改善現階段所面臨的窘境，因為最終一國的經濟增長與是否能穩定就業息息相關。

關鍵字

法國失業 ； 青少年 ； 就業政策

並列摘要

While the economic crisis storms throughout all the nations worldwide, employment condition in France goes from bad to worse; especially of those who takes a bunch amount of responsibilities for the public, teenagers’ employement
rate in France severely higher than other groups of age, which cause a great secret worry in the society. Meanwhile, if a society cannot offer opportunities to the teenage’s, it would also lead to a unesserary surplus of human resource, which could have a bad effect on economy construction and social development.

In France, the development of social welfare security system has always been a key point discussed in public policy agenda. However, to France, an aggressive labor force market will be an advantage to the policy which changes from passive unemployment rescue to aggressively offering employment resolution program. The policy closer connects unemployment insurance system with before-job-training together, and gradually transfers welfare-providing to job-providing, which makes teenagers quickly re-enter job market and helps them free from social exclusion.

By taking France, whose unemployment rate has long been a problem, as an example, we can clearly discuss the probable aspects that cause the unemployment problem. Moreover, it’s also worth observing that how France governments improve current unemployment circumstances and how they effectively solve the embarrassing situation. After all, whether a country has a prosperous economy closely depends on whether it has a stable employment environment.

並列關鍵字

Unemployment in France ； Teenagers ； Employment Policy

參考文獻

Nicolas Sarkozy. Ensemble. Paris,2007.

翁瑩潔。〈法國人對勞動市場彈性化態度之研究：以年青人對「每週35工時」與「首次雇傭契約」兩法案為例〉。碩士論文，中央大學，2007年。頁11-16。

趙維生、黃昌榮。〈香港青年失業問題:困境與出路〉。《社會政策與社會工作學刊》，第4卷，第2期(2000年)，頁111。

李碧涵。〈勞動體制的發展-全球化下的挑戰與改革〉，發表於「生活/社會新視界:理論與實踐的對話」研討會。台北:輔仁大學社會學系與社工系，檢索於2001年11月2日。

一、 專書