城市中的微型農場住宅

Micro-Farming in Urban Housing

鄭筱微(Hsiao-Wei Cheng)

指導教授 ： 賴怡成

淡江大學/工學院/建築學系碩士班/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2014.00456

摘要

當人口日漸往都市移動居住，都市中的糧食問題勢必會帶來環境的衝擊。都市人們所吃的食物皆由市郊或鄉村生產，隨著都市範圍不斷擴大，運送食物的里程不斷增加，交通運輸、包裝冷藏，乃至家中冷藏設備，看似理所當然的「成本」，是我們付出的代價。隨著農業技術的新發展(水耕、魚菜共生) ，成為將農業帶入垂直化的都市空間中的新契機。

台灣戰後因應都市發展，1960年代大量興建的集合住宅-步登公寓,如今已歷經四、五十年的歲月,面臨老化更新的問題。老舊建築物更新的作法大多都是直接拆除，蓋成新的高樓大廈，然而，如此作法將失去原有台灣特有巷弄文化與都市意象。因此，本研究重新思考我們所居住的水泥叢林，藉由將微型農場整合至垂直化的居住空間，創造生產與居住平衡的都市新面貌。

首先，由文獻回顧與案例研究，探討如何將都市農園與垂直農場置入建築體系，進而改善居住生活與空間氛圍。再者，藉由土耕(樸門)和魚菜共生兩種農業技術併同實際操作，分別建構強調與自然共生的一種生活方式，以及利用魚的排泄物以提供植物生長，整合魚菜共生與建築水系統，使水(藍)與植物(綠)得以建立新的空間型態。從居住單元模式到族群生活空間，創造都市中生產與居住共生的住宅雛形。最後，基地選在台北最早市街的發源地萬華區，進行設計操作。

本研究發現魚菜共生技術整合至老建築體內，一方面可以提供食物，另一方面也達到景觀欣賞與心情療癒的效果。老建築體和水與綠交織，讓逐漸沒落的區域有了新的生命力和轉變的契機，期許台北東西區維持發展平衡的同時，也保有舊有的都市尺度與巷弄文化。

關鍵字

微型農園 ； 魚菜共生 ； 集合住宅 ； 步登公寓

並列摘要

As more people have been increasingly moving to cities , food problems in such cities are bound to have an environmental impact. Cities entirely rely on suburban or rural areas as their food producers and providers. With the expanding boundaries of the cities and the concomitant increase in the distances of food delivery, transportation, packaging and refrigerating, and household refrigeration facilities—all the costs that seem like a matter of course—are the costs that we must pay. However, the new development of agricultural technology, such as hydroponics and aquaponic systems,” brings forth a new opportunity to lead agriculture into the vertical urban space.

In the 1960s, due to urban development after World War II, Taiwan built up a large number of collective housing, i.e., walk-up apartments. Now these 40- or 50-year-old apartments are considered aged and in need of renewal. While the most usual way to renew an old building is to simply tear it down and construct a new high-rise building at the original site, this approach of renewal would cause a loss in the alley culture and urban imagery that are unique to Taiwan. Therefore, by reconsidering the concrete jungle where we live, the study provides a picture of creating a new urban landscape with a balance between production and residence by integrating mini-farms into vertical living spaces.

On the basis of literature review and case studies, first, how urban and vertical farms are integrated into the building system and used to improve the living environment and spatial aura is investigated. Moreover, a lifestyle symbiotic with nature, which can be constructed by simultaneously practicing the agricultural technologies of both soil tillage (permaculture) and aquaponic system, is proposed. The excrement of fish can be used as nutrition for plants; a practice that integrates the aquaponic system and the buildings’ water systems, thus making a new spatial pattern of coexisting water (blue) and plants (green) possible. In this scenario, the mode of living unit becomes developed into a group living space, which creates a residential prototype of coexisting production and living in an urban city. As to the location, finally, Wanhua District, the birthplace of the oldest streets in Taipei City, is chosen as the basis for the design and actual practice of the above-proposed plan.

As found in the research, integrating the aquaponic system into old buildings can not only provide food but also achieve an effect of mood healing through savoring the natural view of water and plants. As the structures of old buildings and the system of water and green plants interweave with each other, the region that already faced decline now regains a new opportunity of vitality and change. This research result, in other words, brings forth an expectation that the old city landscape and alley culture can be preserved at the same time, while maintaining a balance between the developments of the eastern and western districts of Taipei City.

並列關鍵字

micro-farming ； aquaponics ； housing ； walk-up apartment

參考文獻

珍．雅各/著，吳鄭重/譯，聯經出版公司出版，出版日期：2007-07-

9.台灣都市更新公司(高嘉瑜，2013)

12.城市設計理念演化的「思」與「變」(陳明竺，2009)

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