憂鬱症患者資訊迴避行為研究

根據2019的GBD顯示全世界上大約有2.8億人患有憂鬱症，健保署統計每年罹患憂鬱症的民眾也再逐年遞增，顯示憂鬱症將會是未來重要的議題之一。了解憂鬱症患者如何面對資訊是一件相當重要的事，因為患者對資料的理解，會引響患者對憂鬱症治療的方式，對資訊有錯誤的理解，會使憂鬱症患者產生資訊迴避，可能會使對患者有用的資料被忽視，因此本研究的研究目的是在了解憂鬱症患者的資訊行為、資訊迴避行為、及迴避情況，尤其以患者的產生資訊迴避行為與原因及甚麼情況下出現資訊迴避情況為主。本研究的研究發現憂鬱症患者會藉由網路、醫療人員與實體書籍做為主要資訊管道，會找尋藥物、疾病、飲食等資訊。憂鬱症患者會產生： 1.拒絕接受治療的資訊 2. 選擇迴避應規律生活的資訊 3.避免收看相關節目 4.避免瀏覽或封鎖網友分享憂鬱症相關資訊等資訊迴避。而迴避的原因主要以資訊使患者產生負面情緒而導致。研究建議一、實務建議：建議憂鬱症患者減少在社群分享自己的患病過程，避免其他患者憂鬱症發作；鼓勵地區性病友康復協會與心理學會能和各級學校的輔導單位合作進行憂鬱症的講座、宣導，期望能藉由病友的分享與專業講師的授課使未能確診的患者能適時尋求幫助與解答、對憂鬱症議題有興趣的民眾可以獲得正向的理解；目前網路的資訊內容單一，且缺乏權威性的資訊來源，應統一架設由機關管理的網站；圖書館可以提供有關撫平情緒、降低焦慮相關電子書籍使因憂鬱症發作而無法出門借閱實體書籍的讀者使用。二、後續研究建議：後續研究憂鬱症患者迴避行為可以增加其他層面，例如以不同年齡層或患者性別之間是否有不一樣的迴避行為。未來亦可增加精神科醫生、諮商師為訪談對象，進行醫療專業人員面對憂鬱症患者迴避行為的看法與改善方式；憂鬱症患者與其他疾病稍有不同是患者不太願意與他人分享自身經歷，若研究者能在一定程度上了解受訪者的感受，降低受訪者拒絕參與研究的可能。若非憂鬱症病患想要研究此主題相關之研究，建議與諮商師、心理醫生進行一定程度的諮詢後再進行；未來若有研究者意欲以此類主題為研究議題，能與相關單位進行合作，由單位作為主體徵集研究對象，可能會比個人的名義徵集還要踴躍；未來針對憂鬱症相關議題可增加憂鬱症患者資訊需求的研究主題，了解憂鬱症族群的資訊需求以方便改善相關單位，如學校輔導室、醫學圖書館、醫療院所提供之服務；增加憂鬱症的污名化與刻板印象的研究，因本研究發現目前社會對憂鬱症存在許多污名化標籤與刻板印象，如果能詳細研究社會對憂鬱症有何種污名化與刻板印象，一請新聞媒體改善相關報導的用字遣詞，二給予政府單位與輔導單位明顯可見的改善民眾對待憂鬱症的目標。

關鍵字

憂鬱症；患者；資訊行為；資訊迴避行為

並列摘要

Based on the 2019 GBD, there are approximately 280 million people worldwide who suffer from depression, and the number of people suffering from depression is increasing every year according to the Health Insurance Agency, indicating that depression will be an important issue in the future. It is quite important to understand how patients with depression deal with information, as patients' understanding of information will influence the way they treat depression, and misunderstanding of information will lead to information avoidance, which may lead to the neglect of useful information for patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the information behavior, information avoidance behavior, and avoidance of patients with depression, especially the information avoidance behaviors and reasons and the circumstances under which information avoidance occurs. In this study, we found that people with depression would utilize the Internet, medical professionals, and physical books as their primary information channels to find information about medications, illnesses, and diets. People with depression will have the following symptoms: 1. Refuse to receive information about treatment 2. Choose to avoid information that should regulate their lives 3. Avoid watching related programs 4. Avoid browsing or blocking internet users from sharing information about depression and other information avoidance. The reasons for avoidance are mainly due to the negative emotions generated by the information. Research recommendations Practical recommendations: It is recommended that patients with depression should share less about their illness in the community to prevent other patients from having depressive episodes; local rehabilitation associations and psychological societies should be encouraged to cooperate with school counseling units at all levels to conduct seminars and presentations on depression so that patients who cannot be diagnosed can seek help and answers in a proper manner and people who are interested in depression issues can gain positive understanding through the sharing of patients and the teaching of professional lecturers. The library can provide e-books on depression and anxiety reduction for readers who are unable to borrow physical books due to depression attacks. Suggestions for follow-up research: Further research on avoidance behavior in patients with depression may include other aspects, such as whether there are different avoidance behaviors among different age groups or gender of patients. In the future, we can also add psychiatrists and counselors as interviewees to conduct medical professionals' views on the avoidance behavior of patients with depression and ways to improve it. Patients with depression are slightly different from other disorders which means that they are less willing to share their experiences with others. Therefore, if the researchers can have a certain degree of understanding of the respondents' feelings, it will reduce the possibility of their refusal to participate in the study. It is recommended that if a researcher wants to conduct research on this topic, he or she should consult with a counselor or psychologist to a certain extent before doing so. In the future, if there are researchers who want to take this topic as a research theme, they can collaborate with relevant units to recruit research subjects, which may be more attractive than recruiting individuals. In the future, we can increase the number of research topics that focus on the information needs of depression patients to understand the information needs of the depression community in order to improve the services provided by related units, such as school counseling offices, medical libraries, and medical institutions; and increase the research on the stigma and stereotypes of depression. If we can study in greater detail on how depression is stigmatized and stereotyped in society, the first step would be to ask the media to improve the words used in their reports, and the second step would be to give the government and counseling units the goal of improving the way people treat depression.