- 學位論文
防禦性悲觀與實習壓力知覺對專業成長表現之影響—從諮商全職實習經驗探討
The Influence of Defensive Pessimism and Perception of Internship Stress on Professional Growth Performance — Study based on Counseling Internship Experiences
摘要
本研究旨在探討實習心理師的防禦性悲觀思考模式與因應態度對於全職實習階段中的壓力感受及專業成長表現之影響，採用「防禦性悲觀量表」、「修訂實習諮商心理師實習壓力量表」與「專業成長表現量表」等自陳式問卷作為研究工具。研究對象為具有諮商全職實習經驗的實習心理師，透由網路問卷取得正式樣本222人。問卷調查所得資料分別以基本描述統計分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson績差相關與多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法處理。 本研究主要發現如下： 一、實習心理師具有中等程度的防禦性悲觀傾向及實習壓力知覺、中上的諮商專業成長表現。 二、「諮商全職實習結束但尚未畢業」之防禦性悲觀傾向大於「具有諮商心理師證書五年（含）以上」的身分者；「諮商全職實習結束但尚未畢業」之實習壓力知覺高於「正在諮商全職實習中」及「具有諮商心理師證書五年內」的身分者。 三、實習心理師的防禦性悲觀傾向對諮商專業成長表現沒有影響。 四、實習心理師的防禦性悲觀與實習壓力知覺有顯著正相關；實習壓力知覺與諮商專業成長表現有顯著負相關。 五、防禦性悲觀中的「防禦性期望」與「防禦性反思」層面及實習壓力知覺中的「學校訓練與實習現場落差」、「人際關係」與「角色定位」層面可以有效預測實習心理師的專業成長表現。 根據以上研究發現，本研究進一步提供實務上及未來研究的建議。
並列摘要
This study aimed to investigate the Influence of Defensive Pessimism and Perception of Internship Stress on Professional Growth Performance. This research adopted self-reported questionnaires such as “Defensive Pessimism Scale”, “The revised Internship Consultative Psychologist Intern Stress Scale” and “Professional Growth Performance Scale” as research tools. The objects of study were intern psychologists with full-time counseling experience, and a formal sample of 222 people were obtained through an online surveycake questionnaire. The research data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent-samples t test, one way ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation and multiple stepwise regression. Here were the main contributions listed as following: 1.Internship psychologists had a moderate degree of defensive pessimism and internship pressure perception, and showed a middle-high level of professional growth performance. 2.The tendency of defensive pessimism in “consulting full-time internship has ended but not graduated yet” was greater than the status of “with a counseling psychologist certificate for more than five years (inclusive)”; The internship stress perception of “consulting full-time internship has ended but not graduated yet” was higher than the status of “in counseling full-time internship” and “with a counseling psychologist certificate within five years”. 3.The tendency of defensive pessimism in internship psychologists had no effect on the professional growth performance. 4.The defensive pessimism was significantly positively related to the perception of internship stress; the perception of internship pressure and professional growth performance was significantly negatively related. 5.Defensive pessimism and the perception of internship pressure predicted the professional growth performance of internship psychologist, especially “defensive expectation”, “defensive reflectivity”, “the gap between school training and internship”, “interpersonal relationship” and “role positioning”. Based on the above findings, this study was further provided recommendations for practical and future research.