- 學位論文
巴西經濟發展與亞馬遜雨林保護對策─以勞工黨執政時期為例（2003－2016）
Brazil's Economic Development and the Amazon Rainforest Protection Policies under the Workers' Party (2003-2016)
摘要
巴西身為拉丁美洲國家最大的經濟體，境內擁有六成的亞馬遜雨林面積，自昔日軍政府統治開始，由於大規模開發雨林內的自然資源及興建基礎建設，對環境造成極大的破壞。但在當時環保意識較為薄弱，因此，在環境保護上較無作為。 勞工黨政府掌權後，執政者對於雨林保護重視程度較高，再加上國際間環境保護的共識也較為清晰，在各方面的影響之下，巴西在發展國家經濟的同時，政府也採取了一些環保政策因應，使毀林面積增速減緩。此外，環保組織的監督及其他國家資金與技術的協助也為雨林保護帶來成果。 儘管如此，巴西在雨林保護上仍面臨許多難題，諸如人力資源不足及土地紛爭等，因此，在經濟發展和環境保護之間取得平衡還需要更多的努力。故本論文以勞工黨執政下和雨林相關的經濟發展及多方角色對於雨林保護上的作為及影響做分析。
並列摘要
Brazil, as the largest economy in Latin America, possesses 60% of the Amazon rainforest in its territory. Since military government rule, large-scale development of natural resources in the rainforest and construction of infrastructure have caused great environmental damage. However, environmental protection awareness was relatively weak at that time, so environmental protections were lackluster. After the Workers' Party came to power, the government attached more importance to rainforest protection. In addition, international consensus on environmental protection was also clearer. Under the influence of various vested parties, the Brazilian government employed some environmental measures while still developing the national economy causing deforestation rates to slow. Moreover, the supervision of environmental organizations and the assistance of funding and technology from other countries have also brought some results for rainforest protection. Nevertheless, Brazil still faces many difficulties, such as insufficient human resources and land-related conflicts, etc. Therefore, more efforts are needed to strike a balance between economic development and environmental protection. Consequently, this thesis analyzes economic developments related to the rainforest and the multi-party role in rainforest protections under the Workers' Party.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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