臺法文學中的妓女形象:以《羊脂球》與《看海的日子》為例

現今，女性議題時常被討論，關於女性議題探討的論文很多，但因目前針對社會底層中的婦女形象探討的論文並不多見，所以筆者希望以此論文為女性發聲，藉由比較臺灣、法國妓女文學間於社會風氣影響下妓女形象之異同性，也運用書中妓女的角色當作社會顯影劑(révélateur)呈現當代當地的社會狀況。本篇論文分成三章。第一章，首先分別介紹《羊脂球Boule de Suif》與《看海的日子》的年代背景、人物描寫藉以探討階級分化，以及用書中人物的待遇、困境，反映出社會地位，進而得出書中主角扮演一種「社會顯影劑」的角色。第二章，衍伸出女性的社會定位，兩部作品女性皆因生活於父權至上的社會，導致被差別對待；接著筆者以第一章所分析，而歸納出女性形象以及女性身體被商品化的情形。最後第三章，以比較法分析，同樣以妓女為題材但臺法文本之異同，從而得出臺灣、法國兩個社會對妓女的看法、待遇、形象的相同，以及兩部作品中主角突破困境的媒介之差異。在現在自由開放的社會中，女人的天職不再是「家庭」、是「生育」，男人也不再是女人的一切。過去的這些既定印象經過不停地抗爭早已不復存在，現代的女人可以走出家庭、回歸職場。但若想不被以前社會設限、被父權規範束縛，我們必須先承認父權的存在、了解其運作、改變他的組織模式，我們必須穿越父權，才能走出父權。本論文期望人們對於人人避而遠之的妓女行業有更多的了解、讓其被看見，重新喚起臺灣社會正視處於弱勢的女性。

關鍵字

黃春明；莫泊桑；妓女形象；父權；女性定位

並列摘要

Nowadays, women’s issues are often discussed, and there are also many topics of thesis working on it. However, there are rare previous researches on women’s image in the bottom of the society, so I hope to use this thesis to speak for women. Through the comparison of the similarities and differences in the image of prostitutes between the literature in French and in Taiwan under the different public morals. I also use the role of prostitutes in two pieces of literature as a social developer (révélateur) to present the contemporary and local social situation. This thesis will be divided into three chapters. In chapter one, besides introducing the chronological background and character description of « Boule de suif » and « The days on the beach » to discuss the class differentiation. I also use the treatment and dilemma of the characters in two pieces of literature to reflect the social status. Then come to the protagonists as the social developer (révélateur). In chapter two, I extend the social orientation of women. In those two pieces of literature, women are treated differently because they live in a patriarchal society. I estimate the analyze in first chapter and summarize the image of women and the commodification situation of women’s body. Finally, in chapter three, based on comparative analysis, the similarities and differences of using the prostitutes as a subject between the literature in France and Taiwan lead to similar views, treatments, and images of prostitutes in two countries, but the differences in the intermediary which protagonists break through the dilemma in two works. This thesis aims to present a better understanding of the prostitute industry, and also lead Taiwanese society to face squarely up to the disadvantage position of women as well. Instead of avoiding them, let them be seen.