塑膠基材上製備二氧化矽/壓克力聚合物抗霧鍍膜

Preparation of silica/polyacrylate anti-fog coatings on plastic substrates

蔡宗穎(Tsung-Ying Tsai)

指導教授 ： 鄭廖平

淡江大學/工學院/化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2012.00710

摘要

本研究以溶膠凝膠法搭配紫外光硬化製程，製備有機-無機奈米複合材料並應用於抗霧鍍膜上。
此實驗已成功合成出含矽氧烷基團的界面活性劑（親水劑），經過FTIR及1H NMR 檢測，證實N=C=O與OH 接枝完成並且可以直接添加到塗料中參與聚合反應。接著以無機單體四乙氧基矽烷（TEOS）和經過改質的界面活性劑，透過溶膠凝膠法在酸性環境中，製備出二氧化矽表面含有親水基團的溶膠，利用此改質過後的二氧化矽再加入具有雙鍵的偶合劑（MSMA），並利用FTIR 檢測基團變化、DLS觀察粒子成長、FESEM量測鍍膜厚度以及確認粒子是否均勻分布於鍍膜中，最後以刮刀塗佈的方式在聚碳酸酯（PC）基板上熱硬化成膜，輔以ATR 檢測鍍膜間化學鍵結是否良好。並且設計一種雙層塗佈方式來達到既可抗霧又可避免抗霧層遭到水氣破壞之問題，其底層是由二異戊四醇六丙烯酸酯（DPHA）、羥乙基甲基丙烯酸酯（2-HEMA）及1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯（HDDA）三者所構成之有機複合材料，它不但提供機械強度，也可因其疏水性而避免水分子之穿透；上層則是含有界面活性劑(Tween20)與二氧化矽之親水層，它提供了抗霧之功能，而兩層之間以化學鍵結緊密相連，不可分割，因此親水層不會因為高溼度而遭到破壞甚至脫落。
實驗中調整不同的TEOS與MSMA比例，期望找出與PC基板有良好的附著度並且提升塗膜的機械性質，透過雙層塗佈的設計，探討抗霧的效果及耐候性。研究結果顯示製備出來的溶膠確實以奈米顆粒大小分散於溶劑中，而且抗霧效果極佳，又有一定程度的穿透度，證實此一設計確實比一般單層式鍍膜具有更好的耐用性。

關鍵字

抗霧鍍膜 ； 奈米複合材料 ； 溶膠-凝膠法 ； 二氧化矽 ； UV曝光硬化

並列摘要

In this study, the organic - inorganic nanocomposites are prepared by sol-gel method and UV curing process, then applied on anti-fog coating.
This experiment has been synthesized surfactants containing silica oxygen alkyl group successfully. Testing by FTIR and 1H NMR, N=C=O and OH are graft completed by confirmed and can be added into the coating directly involved in polymerization. Then use inorganic monomeric Tetraethoxylsilane (TEOS) and modification of the surfactant through the design of sol-gel method in an acidic environment, the surface of silica sol containing hydrophilic groups is prepared, use this modified SiO2 and then add the coupling agent which has double bonds (MSMA), the groups changes by FTIR detection, the particle growth by DLS observation, use FESEM to measure coating thickness and confirm the particles are evenly distributed in the coating. In the last, use roller coating method on the polycarbonate (PC)substrate and then the film by hot coating, chemical bonding between the coating is good or not by ATR detection. Then to design a two-layer coating method to achieve anti-fog and avoid anti-fog layer to destruct by water vapor, the bottom is constituted by the three organic composite materials, such as Dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) and 1,6-Hexanediol Diacrylate (HDDA), it not only provides mechanical strength, but also its hydrophobic and avoid the penetration of water molecules; upper is a hydrophilic layer containing surfactant (Tween20) and SiO2, which provides anti-fog function, while the chemical bonding closes linked and inseparable between the two layers, so the hydrophilic layer was not damage or even loss because of high humidity.
Adjusting TEOS and MSMA proportion in the experiments, expect to find a good adhesion on PC substrates and enhance the mechanical properties of the coating, through the design of double-layer coating to explore the effect of anti-fog and weather resistance. The study results showed that the sol of the nanometer particle size is indeed dispersed in the solvent, and has excellent anti-fog, and has a certain degree of transparency, confirmed that this design does have better durability than the general single-layer coating.

並列關鍵字

anti-fog coatings ； nano hybrid materials ； sol-gel process ； silica ； UV curing

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