臺灣新南向政策的內涵與挑戰

蔡英文總統於2016年5月就任後，正式啟動「新南向政策」，希望能夠整合各部會、地方政府與民間企業團體之資源，從「經貿合作」、「人才交流」、「資源共享」與「區域鏈結」四大面向著手，與新南向國家創造共利互惠的永續合作方式，強化臺灣與東協、南亞及紐澳等十八個國家的經貿、科技、文化等各面向的連結。本研究從過往南向政策進展分析，透過蔡英文政府推動「以人為本」的「新南向政策」內涵與背景，對於政策執行成效與內、外部影響做整體性的分析。在我國目前新南向政策與中國大陸「一帶一路」之目標國出現重疊的情況下，兩岸在東協與南亞的投資項目與產業布局，勢必會出現互相競爭的情況，讓過去極度仰賴「中國製造」的臺商，強化其思考供應鏈區域化或全球化布局之調整。適逢美國建構印太戰略，加上美中貿易戰的進行與新冠肺炎的影響，臺商與產業供應鏈若要選擇離開中國大陸，必須要尋求替代的可行性方案；美中貿易戰帶來衝擊，但也迎來契機，臺灣新南向政策將走向多元布局，也是臺灣蔡英文政府的新南向政策要進階到「2.0版」的關鍵時刻。

關鍵字

新南向政策；印太戰略；美中貿易戰；新冠肺炎；一帶一路

並列摘要

In May 2016, President Tsai Ing-wen officially launched the "New Southbound Policy", hoping to integrate the resources of various ministries, local governments, and private enterprise groups, from "economic and trade cooperation", "talent exchange", and "resource sharing" Start with the four major aspects of "regional linkage", create a mutually beneficial and sustainable cooperation method with the new southward countries, and strengthen the economic, trade, technological, and cultural aspects of 18 countries including Taiwan and the ASEAN, South Asia, New Zealand and Australia Link. This research analyzes the progress of the southbound policy in the past, and through the Tsai Ing-wen government's promotion of the "people-oriented" "new southbound policy" connotation and background, the overall analysis of the effectiveness of policy implementation and internal and external impacts. As China’s current new southward policy overlaps with China’s “One Belt, One Road” target countries, the investment projects and industrial layouts of the two sides of the Strait in the ASEAN and South Asia will inevitably compete with each other, making the past extremely dependent on "China Taiwanese companies that are "manufacturing" have strengthened their thinking about the adjustment of their supply chain regionalization or global layout. As the United States is constructing an Indo-Pacific strategy, coupled with the ongoing US-China trade war and the impact of the new crown pneumonia, Taiwanese businessmen and industrial supply chains must seek alternative feasible solutions if they choose to leave mainland China; the US-China trade war has brought about Impact, but it also ushered in an opportunity. Taiwan’s new southward policy will move towards a diversified layout. It is also a critical moment for Taiwan’s Tsai Ing-wen’s new southward policy to advance to "version 2.0."