鏈結城市 - 建構社會住宅與閒置校園共享機制之研究

本研究主要以兩個面向作為議題探討的開端，第一，社會住宅在都市中面臨土地取得困難、受標籤化以及缺乏地域性的問題 ; 第二，都市中的校園空間因少子化與教學模式的轉變而面臨閒置的困境。啟發於超社區的概念 (林明地，2002)，本研究企圖藉由居住（Living）、工作（Working）、學習（Learning）三種元素的整合，創造一個具有都市尺度的「鏈結城市」概念，此概念可以作為未來都市中閒置校園整合社會住宅，以及建構族群混居與共享機制的新可能性。為達上述的研究目的，首先我們藉由文獻回顧暸解台灣社會住宅，以及校園空間與學習的發展背景與面臨的困境，並透過三種空間概念的相關案例研究(流動、共構、再生)，探索社會住宅與閒置校園空間相互整合的設計操作。架構在上述的文獻回顧與案例研究，本研究提出一個「鏈結城市」的概念，並藉由先期研究關於四種連結形式的探索，包括知識連結（D.School）、生活連結（地方涵構）、空間連結（動線與公共空間）以及族群連結（時間與作息），予以整合並建構社宅、學校以及地方社區之間的共享機制和空間型態。最後，我們選擇萬華區的老松國小作為本研究的實驗基地，在設計策略上主要分為都市尺度、學校尺度、社宅尺度三個部分，主要透過地方居民的日常生活、產業特色、慶典活動、空間特色元素等分析，並結合不同的空間概念，如開放空間的連結、穿廊動線的串連、教室空間的整合利用，以及新舊量體與結構的對話等，將社宅及老松國小的空間與活動事件相互整合，進而創造一個具學習型態，且回應基地涵構和地域性的共享社區。本研究建構的「鏈結城市」概念，其多種形式上的連結創造新型態無邊界的共享模式之外，同時也賦予現今面臨困境的社會住宅與閒置校園新的契機與可能性。

關鍵字

社會住宅；閒置校園；新舊共構；族群混居；共享機制

並列摘要

This research began from two issues: 1.The social housings faced with difficulties in gaining land, being labelized and lacking regionality in cities today; 2.The campus spaces in urban left unused due to lower birth rate and transition in education modes. Inspired by the concept of “Hyper Community” ( Lin,2002), this research attempted to integrate living, working and learning, to create a Linking City in an urban scale. This concept can be utilized as an exploration of future integration between idle campuses and social housings, as well as a sharing mechanism for different groups of people. To achieve above mentioned objectives, at first we reviewed the history developments and difficulties of social housings in Taiwan and learning spaces. Then through studying cases related to the three concepts, fluidity, co-construction and rebirth, the integration of social housing and idle campus spaces was designed. Based on above literature review and case study, this research proposed the concept of “Linking City”. Through primitive study, four types of links are designed, including knowledge link (D.School), living link (local context), space link (circulation and public spaces) and population link (time schedule and daily routines), to combine and construct a sharing mechanism and living type among housing, school and local community. At last, Laosung Elementary School in Wanhua District was chosen as the experiment site for this research. The design strategies can be divided into three parts: urban scale, campus scale and social housing scale. By analyzing local people’s daily life, industrial characteristics, festivals and spatical features, and combining different spatial concepts such as linking open spaces, connecting aisle circulations, integrating classroom spaces and interacting the old and new volumes with structures, to integrate the space and activites of social housing and Laosung Elementary School. Therefore creating a new learning form, while responding to the original site context and local sharing community. The concept of Linking City established in this research has created a new sharing mode that is boundaryless and various. It also offers new possibilities for the social housing and idle campus space faced with obstacles today.