解析我國全民國防教育戰略之研究(2008-2020)

我國於2005年公告《全民國防教育法》，2013年決議教官八年內退出校園（後修訂為2023年前退出），2017年由淡江大學國際事務與戰略研究所開設全民國防教育科師資培育，並於2019年由五所大學開辦全民國防教育科師資學士後學分班。是以，本論文主要研究分析我國2008年到2020年全民國防教育之戰略，並討論新培育的全民國防教育科教師是否能夠勝任職責，以期完善我國的全民國防教育，有助於國家生存與永續發展。本論文運用戰略研究途徑來討論我國的國防戰略到全民國防戰略，以及全民國防教育戰略，使用美國陸軍戰爭學院的戰略思維結構概念目標、方法與手段為主軸，並輔以鈕先鍾提出的戰略思想四個取向及戰略研究四個單元進行分析。採用文獻分析方法進行檢證，並藉由訪談特定的國防事務相關學者專家與全民國防教育課綱委員，對研究主題提供更多一手資料與專業重點看法。本論文內容以我國不同政治體制下的三個時期，威權體制下的軍事化社會、民主體制下的轉型民主化社會與民主鞏固社會，進行解析在不同政治體制時期的國防戰略與全民國防教育戰略，並探討新世代的全民國防教育科教師之角色定位與價值，以完善全民國防教育，進而強化全民國防的成效，達到確保及提高國家安全的目標。本論文的研究成果為證實我國是有全民國防教育的戰略，且新培育的全民國防教育科教師最能勝任職責，而在現今的情勢與未來的布局，國家的領導者應該更重視全民國防教育，肯定其重要性並加大推廣的力度。此外，戰略思維確實能與教育完美結合，可以利用全民國防教育科教師的教育專業，將其適當融入各個教育階段與領域科目之中，有利學子達成十二年國教總綱的核心素養。就長期總體而言，則能提升國民總體素質，讓國力隨之增長，更易達到國家戰略的目標，同時兼顧國家安全與國家發展，確保國家生存與永續發展。

關鍵字

全民國防教育；全民國防；全民國防教育之學校教育；戰略

並列摘要

Taiwan’s “All-out Defense Education Act” was promulgated in 2005. In accordance with the Legislative Yuan Resolution, military security instructors will be dismissed from campuses before 2023. Teacher Education for National Defense Education was inaugurated by Graduate Institute of International Affairs and Strategic Studies in Tamkang University in 2017 and the National Defense Education in postgraduate teacher education programs were established by five universities in 2019. The study aims to analyze Taiwan's All-out Defense Education Strategy from 2008 to 2020 and to discuss if the newly cultivated National Defense Education teachers are qualified for the role in order to improve the All-out Defense Education to help the country’s survival and sustainable development. Strategic research approaches are applied in the study to discuss the National Defense Strategy, the All-out Defense Strategy and the All-out Defense Education Strategy in Taiwan. Strategic Thinking means of U.S. Army War College are employed as the central idea, supplemented and analyzed by Strategic Thought Orientation and Strategic Research Unit which are proposed by Niu, Sien-chong. Document Analysis is adopted for verification, and through interviews with specific defense affairs-related scholars and experts and National Defense Education curriculum committee members, more first-hand information and professional key views on research topics are provided. The research content aims to analyze the National Defense Strategy and the All-out Defense Education Strategy during the period of the three different political systems, which are the Martial Law Era, the Era of Democratic Transformation, and the Era of Democratic Consolidation, and to explore the role and value of National Defense Education teachers in the new generation so as to improve All-out Defense Education, and then strengthen the effectiveness of All-out Defense to achieve the goal of ensuring and improving national security. The research results confirm that the Taiwan's current All-out Defense Education Strategy is appropriate and the newly cultivated National Defense Education teachers are the most competent for their duties. In the current situation and for the future layout, Taiwan’s leaders should place much emphasis on All-out Defense Education, recognize its importance and increase promotion. In addition, strategic thinking can be integrated into various education subjects and stages by National Defense Education teachers, which is beneficial for students to develop the core competency of Curriculum Guidelines of 12-Year Basic Education. In the long-term future, it can improve the overall quality of the people, increase the national strength, and make it easier to achieve the goals of the national strategy, while raising national security and development and ensuring the survival and sustainable development of the country.