基於USB介面建立一個物聯網閘道器

Building a Gateway to the Internet of Things Base on USB Interface

陳彥霈(Yan-Pei Chen)

指導教授 ： 江正雄

淡江大學/工學院/電機工程學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2016.00706

摘要

本文提出以一般市售智慧型電子裝置中常配置的USB傳輸埠為通訊連接基礎，而快速建立即插即用物聯網閘道器之應用。USB協會於通訊子類別當中，定義了乙太網路控制模型與乙太網路仿真模型，此方法可將USB傳輸埠虛擬成乙太網路傳輸連接埠。故不同實體裝置之間以USB乙太網傳輸通訊為基礎，快速達成實體連接與資料傳輸。對於佈線不易、需即時性、高頻寬的應用來說，這是一種簡易、快速、低成本的物聯網應用之一。
經由Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)與User Datagram Protocol (UDP)兩種常用網路通訊協定測試下，以無線網路在隔絕干擾環境的屏蔽室下之吞吐量測試結果為50M ~ 56Mbit/s傳輸速度，然而在開放環境下USB 2.0與USB 3.0之吞吐量測試結果則分別可以達到92M ~ 99Mbit/s 與 249M ~ 263Mbit/s的傳輸速度。在UDP封包遺失率測試下，無線網路之測試結果約在3.4% ~ 12.9%，而USB 2.0與USB 3.0之測試結果則分別為0.73% ~ 1.05% 與 0.69% ~ 2.2%，故不論以傳輸吞吐量或是封包遺失率來分析，以USB乙太網路為資料傳輸基礎之方式皆優於無線網路傳輸方式。
於測試數據結果當中，可以發現USB乙太網路連接傳輸方式比無線網路連接傳輸方式，可提供更穩定的傳輸速率及較少的封包遺失率。且無線網路連接傳輸方式容易被實際環境當中所存在的2.4GHz無線電波所干擾。對於物聯網閘道器以USB乙太網路連結智慧型電子裝置後直接存取網際網路資源，此種連網應用方式是目前尚未常見之網路應用方式之一。

關鍵字

物聯網 ； 乙太網路 ； 乙太網路控制模組 ； 乙太網路仿真模組

並列摘要

This research proposes a quick establishment of plug and play gateway to the Internet of Things based on USB port, which is common in all electronic devices. USB Association has defined the Ethernet control model and Ethernet simulation model in communication subcategory. With this approach, the USB port can be simulated as an Ethernet transmission port so that fast connection and data transmission is possible based on USB Ethernet communication among different devices. This is one of the applications for the simple, quick and low-cost to the Internet of Things.
In tests with two commonly used network protocols, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP), the throughput was 50M-56Mbit/s in transmission speed in a shielding chamber with all environment interference isolated. However, in an open environment, throughput of USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 were respectively 92 - 99 M bit/s and 249 - 263 M bit/s in transmission speed. In UDP packet loss rate tests, the loss rates were between approximately 3.4% - 12.9% while 0.73% - 1.05% and 0.69% - 2.2% respectively in USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 tests. Our results indicated that the USB Ethernet transmission was better than the wireless transmission in both transmission throughput and packet loss rate.
From the test results, the USB Ethernet transmission was better than the wireless transmission for more stable transmission speed and lower packet loss rate. In addition, the wireless transmission is easily disturbed by the 2.4GHz radio wave in the environment. This direct accessibility of internet information through the establishment of gateway to Internet of Things based on USB Ethernet connection to smart electronic devices is currently uncommon.

並列關鍵字

IoT ； Ethernet ； ECM ； EEM

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