同軸圓筒流變儀應用於改質瀝青之探討

Application of Coaxial Cylinders Rheometer on Modified Asphalts

高台強(Tai-Chiang Kao)

指導教授 ： 劉明仁

淡江大學/工學院/土木工程學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2006.00757

摘要

隨著鋪面工程的發展以來，用於柔性路面之瀝青膠結材，即一直扮演著重要角色，國內隨交通量之增長需求，除傳統瀝青材之使用外，現高速公路北部路段，也己經全面使用改質瀝青材，做為路面整修材料。對瀝青黏度的量測，目前國內普遍採用DV-II黏度儀，因瀝青材之高黏稠特性，其樣品量之控制，無法以體積控制，實際上係將瀝青材之密度當成1 g/㎝3，以稱重方式操作控制，並未考量不同溫度條件下之體積變化，有違黏度儀之同軸圓筒裝置操作定義。黏度儀之黏度量測係將瀝青材簡化成牛頓流體，無法有效反應出其流變特性，為進一步了解瀝青材之工程性質及工作性，有必要了解其不同剪應變率下之變化，求出其完整剪應力-剪應變率變化關係，補其不足。近來高黏度之改質瀝青應用於國內高速公路，對路面車轍、破損情況己有之改善成效，唯其工作（拌合及夯壓）溫度之決定，仍參考傳統馬歇爾法，其拌合及夯壓溫度可分別高達190及180℃以上，就實務面而言，其高溫將造成瀝青拌合廠設備無法承擔，路面滾壓困難，就理論面而言，將對改質瀝青之基底瀝青材造成高溫老化之疑慮。本文就前述的各種需求與困擾，進行研討，研究結果顯示，瀝青材在60℃時，其密度約等於1g/㎝3（與水4℃時相當），雖將樣品以稱重（非體積）控制之作法，應屬可接受狀況。瀝青材在不同條件下，呈非牛頓流體現象，影響瀝青流變性因子，除「溫度」外，「剪應變率」之高低，亦為一重要因子。改質瀝青材（8K、30K）於高溫低剪應變率時，因呈膨脹性行為，促使其於高溫低剪應變率時黏度變小，有較佳之工作性，不需以高剪應變率時之高黏度決定其工作（拌合、夯壓）溫度，可免除基底瀝青材因高溫老化之疑慮。

關鍵字

同軸圓筒流變儀 ； 黏度 ； 剪應變率 ； 擬塑性 ； 膨脹性

並列摘要

Along with since Pavement engineering development, be used for the Flexible Pavement the material of Asphalt agglutination, then has been playing to emphasize the important role. With the need of growth of the traffic volume of Taiwan, in addition to the usage of the traditional material of asphalt, the north road zone in freeway, the complete usage Modified Asphalts, is used as the Pavement material now.
At current measurement in Taiwan asphalt viscosity widespread adoption DV- II Viscometer. Because of the characteristics of the high consistency in asphalt with the result that the test sample volume controls the difficulty. Adopt the platform scale method control in nature. Did not consider the change of the temperature and volumes takes Asphalt density as 1(g/㎝3). Not agreeing with the Coaxial Cylinders apparatus operation of the instrument of viscosity defines.
The viscosity measurement of the Viscometer is simplifying Newtonian fluids of the asphalt material, can't respond its Rheological Properties effectively. For the engineering property and workability of the further understanding asphalt material, have the necessity to understand its different shear rate under its change of fixed cost, beg its complete shear stress- shear rate change of fixed cost to relate to, repair its inadequacy.
The Modified Asphalts appliance of the recently high viscosity improves to the Pavement Rutting, distress condition effectively in the native freeway. But the selected of the work (mixing and compaction) of temperature range still consults the traditional Marshall method. Its mixing and compaction of temperatures can be up to 190 and 180℃. The high temperatures will cause the asphalt hot-mix facilities to not bear and the construction of Pavement rolls the trouble in regard to actual situation. In regard to theory cause the qualm of the heat degrade to the base Asphalts of the Modified Asphalts.
The research result shows. The material of asphalt at 60℃ of density be equal to about 1 g/㎝3 (the water 4℃density is equal), Viscometer operation although sample with the method of the platform scale(non-volumes) control, should belong to the condition of admissibility. The asphalt under the different condition has the non-Newtonian fluids phenomena. Effecting Rheological Properties factor "temperature" is not only factor "shear rate" is another an important factor. The Modified Asphalts (8K,30K) expresses the dilatant behavior in the high temperatures-low shear rate condition. At high temperatures-low shear rate the viscosity diminishes the better workability. Asphalts concrete work (mixing and compaction) temperatures select, don't adopt the high viscosity of the high shear rate. Can relieve the qualm of the base Asphalt heat degrade.

並列關鍵字

Coaxial Cylinders Rheometer ； viscosity ； shear rate ； pseudo-plastic ； dilatant

參考文獻

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