部落建設政策對原住民文化傳承之影響

Construction policy's impact on indigenous peoples's pass down of tribal culture in taiwan

章 正 文(Chang Cheng-wen)

指導教授 ： 鄭晃二

淡江大學/工學院/建築學系碩士班/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2009.00917

摘要

本研究的目的是是探討近代統治台灣的政府對部落建設政策，及原住民族文化傳承至部落自主發展的影響與關係，並找出政府在進行部落建設政策對文化干擾及妥適性。
本研究採用的方法係以「行動研究法」以及「文獻回顧法」為主，輔以部落訪談記錄進行相關議題之研究。其行動研究法，係以研究者於公部門從事原住民部落建設業務十餘年公職之經歷與實務，並透過研究者生長的撒布優（Sapulju）部落發展歷程為案例，輔以訪談部落耆老，以個案敘述性的方式，提出察覺到的質性分析與實證。另以《金峰鄉志》所載之歷史事件、部落發展等作為文獻參考之依據。
在主政者主導「部落建設」之政策下，部落空間配置與建築型態，隨著政策目標而改變，本論文研究主要在探討其部落空間與建築型態之變遷，所造成部落文化與生活的衝擊為何？又對於部落之環境面、社會面及文化價值觀等落差為何？以作為未來推動政策或操作手法之借鏡與參考。
本研究的結論有以下四點：
一、以「部落」為規劃之主體與基本單位，並找回屬於部落的神話、祭儀、巫師、祖先，重新建構部落美學。
二、尊重部落集體意志：尊重文化別異性，是營造多元社會的第一步。
三、部落建設新詮釋：部落之建設「不應該只是工程」，應要注入當地文化及部落情感，才能活化部落生命並找到部落的「唯一」，而部落的唯一，也許是世界的「第一」。
四、部落建設操作手法及政策建議：
1.以原住民文化之角度操作部落的建設。
2.實踐由部落人做部落事之誘發式部落環境建設手法。
3.鼓勵部落青年利用先人之傳統智慧，並創發出符合現代之新工法。
4.爭取台灣社區第一」不如「找到部落的唯一」。

關鍵字

遷村政策 ； 原住民族分類 ； 敬畏大自然 ； 部落記憶

並列摘要

The purpose of the study is to explore the influence of the Taiwanese ruling government in modern times on the issues from the tribal construction policy, passing down of indigenous tribe culture to tribe autonomic development and the relationships with those issues, in an attempt to identify the cultural interference and propriety in government’s implementation of the tribe construction policy.
The study is conducted mainly based on “action research methodology” and “literature review methodology,” while it also uses tribal interview records to research related issues. For the action research methodology, the researcher uses the experiences and practices he has accumulated from his engagement in the indigenous tribe construction affairs in the public service for more than a decade, and the development process of the Sapulju tribe where he grew up as an example. In addition, he also supplements the study by interviewing the tribal gurus, trying to use individual narration to put forth the spotted qualitative analysis and empirical results. Furthermore, the researcher separately uses the historical incidents and tribal development, etc. stated in “Chin Feng Hsiang Chih” (a book name) as the reference for the study.
As dominated by the government for the “tribe construction” policy, tribal space allocation and architectural types have changed with different policy objectives. This paper mainly investigates the impact of the change in tribal space and architectural types on tribal cultures and livelihoods. It also explores the gaps existing in the tribe’s environment, society and culture values. It is hoped that the results will be useful as a reference for future policy promotion and implementation.
The study concludes the following:
1. To plan the principal and basic parts according to “tribe,” and recover the myths, sacrificing rituals, sorcerers and ancestors that indigenous tribes originally l esthetics.
2. To respect tribes’ collective volition and culture differentiation and make headway to cultivate a diversified society.
3. To give tribe construction a new interpretation: Tribe construction “shall not be only limited to engineering.” It shall breathe life into local cultures and tribal affections, so as to activate the tribal life and find out the tribe’s “uniqueness,” which may also be the world’s “first.”
4. The following are the recommendations for tribe construction operations and policies:
(1) To stand in the shoes of an aborigine when working on tribal construction.
(2) To fulfill the tribe’s environmental construction by having tribal villagers participate in their own construction.
(3) To encourage tribal youth to use their ancestors’ conventional wisdom to come up with a modern technique (a new method for work).
(4) Rather than pressing for a “top one position in Taiwan’s communities,” it will be more realistic to identify the “uniqueness of a tribe.”

並列關鍵字

Village-relocation policy ； indigenous tribe classification ； feelings of awe to the great outdoors ； tribe memory

參考文獻

2004《尋找失落的箭矢》；台北：財團法人國家展望基金會

2007 《聯合國原住民族權利宣言》譯本

雅柏甦詠．博伊哲努

De Soto, Hernado（赫南多．德．索托）

Friedman ,Thomas L（湯馬斯．佛里曼）