都市垃圾焚化飛灰應用於燒製紅磚資源化之研究

A Study on the Regeneration of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash as the Feedstock in the Brick Manufacturing

黃承鈞(Cheng-Chun Huang)

指導教授 ： 高思懷

淡江大學/工學院/水資源及環境工程學系碩士班/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2010.00846

摘要

都市垃圾焚化灰渣已被視為可再利用之資源，但未經處理的飛灰常有重金屬高溶出之疑慮，因此藉由不同的機制與程序穩定飛灰中之重金屬後進行再利用，將為未來的趨勢。運用處理過後的飛灰取代部分製磚用之紅磚土來製成環保紅磚為可再利用的方式之一。

本研究使用水洗、研磨、磷酸穩定、調質及燒結一系列技術將都市垃圾焚化飛灰再利用於燒製紅磚，飛灰先以水洗去除大部分可溶性物質，增加後續處理的穩定性，再以濕式研磨技術降低水洗飛灰的粒徑、穩定飛灰重金屬，研磨劑採用磷酸溶液，並且與磷酸浸泡處理進行比較，最後再添加玻璃粉為調質材料共同研磨，探討調質研磨對水洗灰再利用的效果。

實驗結果顯示水洗飛灰經過磷酸研磨後，在添加量為4%時，可以燒製出抗壓強度符合一種磚標準的紅磚，而且重金屬溶出較使用磷酸浸泡處理所燒製的紅磚，低另外在重金屬揮發量上也有顯著的降低。在添加廢玻璃粉調質實驗結果上，初期的試驗結果顯示水洗飛灰和廢玻璃粉在6：4的調質配比下以磷酸研磨後之粉體，其燒結體可達到最佳的抗壓強度，在固定此調質配比後再和紅磚土原料進行一系列的混合比例實驗，結果發現以重量比2：8混合比例之燒結體抗壓強度高達408 kg/cm2，已經遠高於一種磚的抗壓強度標準，而換算水萃飛灰重量比例為12%，顯示添加玻璃與水洗飛灰共同研磨可以大幅提升水洗飛灰在燒製紅磚的使用量。

關鍵字

都市垃圾焚化飛灰 ； 紅磚 ； 燒結 ； 磷酸穩定重金屬

並列摘要

Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ashes have been regarded as a resource to be recycled; however, MSWI fly ash (FA) usually has the high probability of heavy metals and salts releasing, therefore, stabilizing the heavy metal is the necessary pretreatment on the recovery process of FA. One of the feasible processes to recovery the FA is applying it as a part of the feedstock during the brick manufacturing.

In this study, the pretreatment process includes water-washing, ball-milling, phosphoric acid stabilizing, and component adjusting following the sintering operation. Most of soluble materials of FA were eliminated during the water-washing, which will increase the stability in the following processes. Wet-ball-milling with phosphoric acid solution will increase the effectiveness of heavy metals stabilizing, while adjusting the component with cullet during the milling operation will enhance the property of sintering product.

The results showed that, washed FA (WFA) milling with phosphoric acid, sintered with clay by 4% substitution, the compression strength of sintered specimen could met thestandards of CNS ordinary brick 1, and percentage of heavy metal volatilization during brick sintering were less than that the phosphoric acid dosage without milling with the WFA. In the composition adjusting with cullet experiment, with WFA 60% cullet 40%, the sintered specimen presented the best compressing strength. When substituted the clay with 20% of pretreated and adjusted matrix during the brick sintering, the compression strength of sintered specimen reached 408 kg/cm2 which was higher than the standards of CNS ordinary brick 1. Through the conversion to the actual weight, the WFA occupied 12% of the total feedstock, it reveals that wet-ball-milling of cullet with WFA and phosphoric acid greatly increasing the amount of WFA substitution during the sintering process.

並列關鍵字

MSWI fly ash ； Brick ； H3PO4 stablize heavy metal release ； sinter ； water-extraction ash

參考文獻

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