年金改革後國軍軍官在職進修及離職意願之探討

A Study of On-the-Job-Training and Turnover Intentions of Military Officers under the Pension Reform Plan

王志豪(Chih-Hao Wang)

指導教授 ： 鈕方頤

淡江大學/教育學院/教育政策與領導研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2019.00811

摘要

本研究旨在適逢年金改革之際，探討此改革對於國軍人員的影響，並設定對象為國軍在職進修校級軍官，進而區分是否仍有意願在職進修及選擇離退。本研究採用質化研究方式，透過深度訪談4位校級軍官，分別為已獲得學歷男女各乙員及正在進修男女各乙員。
本研究結果歸納如下：
一、國軍軍官對實施年金改革看法：
因軍人養成教育過程已奠定服從本性，故研究對象態度呈現接受年金改革規劃，面對已施行政策，只能接受改革事實。
二、國軍軍官年金改革後公餘進修意願：
年金改革推動下，職業軍人薪資、其他待遇、工作環境及人際關係均不變，唯一產生變化是退伍後才有退休金之待遇差異，故繼續工作係就應具備保健因子，然而在職進修對受訪者而言，應屬內在自我提升之激勵因子效應。
三、國軍軍官年金改革後離退意願：
以需要層級理論而言，國軍工作環境，應已滿足「生理需求」、「安全需求」層級，因工作性念、志趣及性別而有所差異，唯一共通點則為未因公餘進修獲得學歷或正在公餘進修，產生離退意願，反因年改政策推動後，讓受訪者延緩退伍念頭，進而增加進修意願，於獲得學歷後，為退伍後增加工作機會。

關鍵字

年金改革 ； 在職進修 ； 離職

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to discuss the impact of the pension reform plan on military officers, examining whether there is still a willingness to study or whether military officers choose to leave the army. This study used qualitative research methods. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with two field officers who have obtained their academic qualifications and two field officers who are currently studying on-the-job.
The results of this study are summarized as follows:
1. Military officers’ view on the pension reform plan:
Military officers have developed a sense of obedience through military training, they can only be forced to accept the fact of reform.
2. Military officers’ intention to study on-the-job after the reform:
Under the reform, the salary, working environment and interpersonal relationship of the military officers remain the same. The only thing that had changed is the pension after retirement. Therefore, there exists the hygiene factor for officers to keep on working. On-the-job training is considered a motivational factor of self-improvement.
3. Military officers’ willingness to retire after the reform:
With the current working environment, military officers are able to achieve physiological needs and safety needs of the hierarchy of needs theory, and currently do not have the intention to retire, regardless of whether they have obtained academic degree or are still studying. The pension reform plan has caused interviewees to want to postpone their retirement, and has increased the willingness to study on-the-job in order to obtain educational qualifications for job opportunities after retirement.

並列關鍵字

Pension reform ； On-the-job Training ； Retirement

參考文獻

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.

參考文獻

中文文獻

中央通訊社 李明宗(2018)軍公教年改。取自http://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/201806300025-1.aspx。

王文福(2012)。國軍財務單位人員在職進修學習動機、學習行為與學習成效關係之研究。樹德科技大學經營管理研究所碩士論文。未出版。